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><image:title>2.1-Julio-Claudian-dynasty</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:03:50+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2023/07/06/episode-270-loss-suffering-and-enslavement/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/613cpxbp79l._ac_uf8941000_ql80_.jpg</image:loc><image:title>613cpxbp79l._ac_uf8941000_ql80_</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/sack_of_thessalonica_by_arabs_904-1.png</image:loc><image:title>sack_of_thessalonica_by_arabs_904-1</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/sack_of_thessalonica_by_arabs_904.png</image:loc><image:title>Sack_of_Thessalonica_by_Arabs,_904</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:03:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2023/08/06/episode-272-game-of-thrones-patreon-bonus-episode/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/game-of-thrones-season-1-episode-1-full-stitched-607175_pro35_10-1920.webp</image:loc><image:title>game-of-thrones-season-1-episode-1-full-stitched-607175_pro35_10-1920</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:03:39+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2023/08/13/episode-273-rome-and-persia-the-700-year-rivalry-with-adrian-goldsworthy/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/fwbbjmal.jpeg</image:loc><image:title>fwbbjmal</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:03:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2023/08/22/episode-274-the-10-worst-emperors-with-anthony-kaldellis/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/kaldellis-lecture-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>kaldellis-lecture-1</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/kaldellis-lecture.jpg</image:loc><image:title>kaldellis-lecture</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:03:26+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2023/11/08/episode-278-the-new-roman-empire-with-anthony-kaldellis-part-2-christianity-and-the-law/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/johnchrysostom.jpg</image:loc><image:title>johnchrysostom</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:03:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2024/01/20/episode-280-the-new-roman-empire-with-anthony-kaldellis-part-3-narrative/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/justinian.jpg</image:loc><image:title>justinian</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/sasanian_empire_621_a.d.jpg</image:loc><image:title>sasanian_empire_621_a.d</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:03:18+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2024/01/31/episode-281-justinian-emperor-soldier-saint-with-peter-sarris/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/justinian-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>justinian-1</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:03:14+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2024/02/14/episode-282-the-new-roman-empire-with-anthony-kaldellis-part-4-your-questions/</loc><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:03:09+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2024/05/01/episode-292-venice-and-the-rest-of-the-empire-with-john-giebfried/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/latinempire2-1.png</image:loc><image:title>latinempire2-1</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/latinempire2.png</image:loc><image:title>latinempire2</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:03:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2024/05/08/episode-293-governing-constantinople-with-john-giebfried/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/20240414_142321.jpg</image:loc><image:title>20240414_142321</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:03:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2024/05/14/episode-294-the-rise-and-fall-of-epirus/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/electrum-coin-with-theodore-left-blessed-by-saint-demetrius.jpg</image:loc><image:title>electrum-coin-with-theodore-left-blessed-by-saint-demetrius</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:02:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2024/05/22/episode-295-the-forgotten-siege/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/john-iii-vatatzes.jpg</image:loc><image:title>john-iii-vatatzes</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:02:51+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2024/06/26/episode-300-the-10-greatest-byzantine-emperors/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/emperors.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Emperors</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:02:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2024/07/03/episode-301-the-fifth-crusade-with-nicholas-morton/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/capturing_damiate.jpg</image:loc><image:title>capturing_damiate</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:00:25+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2024/07/10/episode-302-colonial-occupation/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/chlemoutsi-01.jpg</image:loc><image:title>chlemoutsi-01</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:00:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2024/07/17/episode-303-pinch-me/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/miniature_of_michael_viii.png</image:loc><image:title>Miniature_of_Michael_VIII</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:00:14+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2024/07/21/episode-304-questions-xiv/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/const-i.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Const I</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T13:00:06+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2024/08/07/episode-305-the-return-from-exile/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1200px-deesis_hagia_sophia-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>1200px-Deesis_Hagia_Sophia</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1200px-deesis_hagia_sophia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>1200px-Deesis_Hagia_Sophia</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T12:59:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2024/01/29/some-heraclian-fiction-and-maps-you-might-enjoy/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/untitled2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>untitled2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/untitled3.jpg</image:loc><image:title>untitled3</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/untitled.png</image:loc><image:title>untitled</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T12:59:21+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2025/04/04/episode-320-the-last-hurrah/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/1340withkey.png</image:loc><image:title>1340withKey</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/andronikos_iii_palaiologos.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Andronikos_III_Palaiologos</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T12:58:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2025/07/15/what-happens-next/</loc><lastmod>2025-11-07T12:10:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2025/07/18/reddit-ama-live-now/</loc><lastmod>2025-08-19T12:57:25+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/bibliography/</loc><lastmod>2025-07-21T14:34:51+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2025/07/13/episode-332-not-with-a-whimper-but-a-bang/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/3z6n0bustl291.jpg</image:loc><image:title>3z6n0bustl291</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/1413180771-6c35ff9af3292c1d8ecfeb9f8eaaddad.jpg</image:loc><image:title>1413180771-6c35ff9af3292c1d8ecfeb9f8eaaddad</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/siege_of_constantinople_1453_map-en.png</image:loc><image:title>Siege_of_Constantinople_1453_map-en</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-19T09:53:58+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2025/06/20/episode-331-the-last-hope/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/john-viii-palaiologos-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>John VIII Palaiologos 2</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-07-08T15:26:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/maps/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/1130-copy.jpg</image:loc><image:title>1130 copy</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/the-byzantine-balkans-1081ad-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Byzantine Balkans 1081AD. Major Roman garrisons in red.</image:title><image:caption>The Byzantine Balkans 1081AD. Major Roman garrisons in red.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/1025-update.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Anatolia and Armenia 1025 AD</image:title><image:caption>Anatolia and Armenia 1025 AD

</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/1025-copy.jpg</image:loc></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/my-map-of-the-balkans-duing-11th-century1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>My map of the Balkans duing 11th century</image:title><image:caption>My map of the Balkans duing 11th century</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/976-copy.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Anatolia 976 AD</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/anatolia-900ad-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Anatolia 920AD with new Themes</image:title><image:caption>Anatolia 920AD with new Themes</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/anatolia-900ad.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Empire 900 AD</image:title><image:caption>The Empire 900 AD</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/anatolia-842ad-with-new-themes.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Anatolia 842AD with new Themes</image:title><image:caption>Anatolia 842AD with new Themes</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/anatolia-820ad-with-new-themes.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Anatolia 820AD with new Themes</image:title><image:caption>Anatolia 820AD with new Themes</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2025-06-16T19:29:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2025/06/13/episode-330-the-life-of-manuel-ii-palaiologos/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/manuel_ii_palaiologos_as_augustus_tres_riches_heures_du_duc_de_berry_fol._22r.png</image:loc><image:title>Manuel_II_Palaiologos_as_Augustus,_Très_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry,_fol._22r</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/m-signature.jpg</image:loc><image:title>M signature</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/800px-folio_52r_-_the_adoration_of_the_magi.jpg</image:loc><image:title>800px-Folio_52r_-_The_Adoration_of_the_Magi</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/manuel_ii_palaiologos_with_henry_iv_of_england.png</image:loc><image:title>Manuel_II_Palaiologos_with_Henry_IV_of_England</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-06-13T18:30:35+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2025/06/06/episode-329-buying-time/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/paris_john_manuel_and_john.png</image:loc><image:title>Paris_John,_Manuel_and_John</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-06-06T17:05:48+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2025/05/30/episode-328-in-the-nick-of-timur/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/bayezid-i-held-captive-by-timur-painting-by-stanislaw-chlebowski-1878-1.png</image:loc><image:title>Bayezid I held captive by Timur, painting by Stanisław Chlebowski (1878)</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/bayezid-i-held-captive-by-timur-painting-by-stanislaw-chlebowski-1878.png</image:loc><image:title>Bayezid I held captive by Timur, painting by Stanisław Chlebowski (1878)</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-06-01T13:23:09+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2025/05/23/episode-327-vassals-and-pawns/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/john-v-palaiologos.jpg</image:loc><image:title>John V Palaiologos</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/157_-_john_v_palaiologos_mutinensis_-_color.png</image:loc><image:title>157_-_John_V_Palaiologos_(Mutinensis_-_color)</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-05-23T14:08:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2025/05/15/episode-326-the-rise-of-the-ottomans-part-2/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/murad_i_miniature.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Murad_I_miniature</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-06-10T16:55:40+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2025/05/09/episode-325-the-rise-of-the-ottomans-part-1/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/149101-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>149101</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/149101.jpg</image:loc><image:title>149101</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-05-14T14:20:32+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2025/05/02/episode-324-just-another-beylik/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/serbia_1360_en.png</image:loc><image:title>Serbia_1360_en</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-05-02T21:42:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2025/04/25/episode-323-at-least-things-cant-get-any-worse/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/byzantine_empire_1350-1.png</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine_Empire_1350</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/byzantine_empire_1350.png</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine_Empire_1350</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-04-26T14:09:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2025/04/18/episode-322-the-worst-civil-war-part-2/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/tsar-stefan-uros-iv-dusan-of-serbi-14th-century-monastery-lesnovo-republic-of-macedonia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Tsar Stefan Uroš IV Dušan of Serbi (14th century, monastery Lesnovo, Republic of Macedonia)</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-04-18T20:22:30+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2025/04/11/episode-321-the-worst-civil-war-part-1/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/john-vi-cantakouzenos-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>John VI Cantakouzenos (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by 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VIII Palaiologos from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' by 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astmod>2023-05-25T04:05:20+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2022/04/05/episode-245-means-and-ends/</loc><lastmod>2022-06-14T16:36:28+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2022/03/22/episode-243-the-battle-of-myriokephalon/</loc><lastmod>2022-03-29T12:46:14+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2022/03/10/episode-242-manuels-follies/</loc><lastmod>2022-03-17T14:18:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2022/02/22/episode-241-hungary-for-security/</loc><lastmod>2022-07-06T02:30:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2022/02/09/episode-239-the-new-aristocracy/</loc><lastmod>2022-03-08T04:21:43+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2022/02/02/episode-238-queens-of-jerusalem-with-katherine-pangonis/</loc><lastmod>2023-04-16T01:22:28+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2021/03/10/byzantine-merchandise/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/merch-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>merch</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/merch.jpg</image:loc></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T14:29:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2021/12/06/all-bonus-episodes-are-moving-to-patreon-2/</loc><lastmod>2024-06-28T10:31:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/09/04/episode-219-a-spectacular-interruption-or-jerusalem/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/the-siege-of-jerusalem-from-gods-war-by-christopher-tyerman.png</image:loc><image:title>The Siege of Jerusalem from God's War by Christopher Tyerman</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/the-siege-of-jerusalem-from-victory-in-the-east-by-j-france.png</image:loc><image:title>The Siege of Jerusalem (from Victory in the East by J France)</image:title><image:caption>The Siege of Jerusalem (from Victory in the East by J France)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/the-crusader-states-from-byzantium-and-the-crusades-by-jonathan-harris.png</image:loc><image:title>The Crusader States (from Byzantium and the Crusades by Jonathan Harris)</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/the-crusader-march-to-jerusalem-from-victory-in-the-east-by-j-france.png</image:loc><image:title>The Crusader march to Jerusalem (from Victory in the East by J France)</image:title><image:caption>The Crusader march to Jerusalem (from Victory in the East by J France)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/jerusalem-falls-by-emile-signol-1847.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Jerusalem falls by Emile Signol (1847)</image:title><image:caption>Jerusalem falls by Emile Signol (1847)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2023-01-27T21:37:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/12/04/sale-episode-on-the-origins-of-islam/</loc><lastmod>2024-08-19T11:43:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/05/31/episode-28-after-the-apocalypse-fundraising-episode/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/totila.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Portrait of Totila by Francesco Salviati (from Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>Portrait of Totila by Francesco Salviati (from Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:41:25+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/07/26/episode-77-leo-and-irene-fundraising-episode/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/solidus-of-leo-iv-thats-leo-on-the-left-with-his-son-constantine-next-to-him-no-beard-on-the-reverse-are-leo-iii-and-constantine-v-from-dumbarton-oaks-collection.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Solidus of Leo IV. That's Leo on the left with his son Constantine next to him (no beard). On the reverse are Leo III and Constantine V (from Dumbarton Oaks collection)</image:title><image:caption>Solidus of Leo IV. That's Leo on the left with his son Constantine next to him (no beard). On the reverse are Leo III and Constantine V (from Dumbarton Oaks collection)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:40:43+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/02/24/episode-129-born-in-the-purple-fundraising-episode/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/the-limburg-reliquary-was-created-to-hold-a-piece-of-the-true-cross-basil-lekapenus-sponsored-its-creation.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Limburg reliquary was created to hold a piece of the true cross. Basil Lekapenus sponsored its creation</image:title><image:caption>The Limburg reliquary was created to hold a piece of the true cross. Basil Lekapenus sponsored its creation</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/david-composing-the-psalms-from-the-paris-psalter.jpg</image:loc><image:title>David composing the Psalms from the Paris Psalter, an illuminated Byzantine manuscript produced during the 10th century.</image:title><image:caption>David composing the Psalms from the Paris Psalter, an illuminated Byzantine manuscript produced during the 10th century.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/ivory-plaque-showing-the-coronation-of-constantine-vii-by-christ.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Ivory plaque showing the coronation of Constantine VII by Christ</image:title><image:caption>Ivory plaque showing the coronation of Constantine VII by Christ</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/constantine-vii-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Constantine VII (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>Constantine VII (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:40:16+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/07/26/byzantine-stories-episode-1-john-chrysostom-parts-2-3-and-4/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/john_chrysostom_and_aelia_eudoxia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Jean-Paul Laurens 19th century painting of John confronting the Empress Eudoxia. Very dramatic but nothing like this actually happened.</image:title><image:caption> Jean-Paul Laurens 19th century painting of John confronting the Empress Eudoxia. Very dramatic but nothing like this actually happened.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:39:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/06/02/byzantine-stories-episode-2-symeon-the-stylite/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/symeons-enclosure-in-syria.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Symeon's enclosure in Syria</image:title><image:caption>Symeon's enclosure in Syria</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/plaque-of-symeon-in-the-louvre.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Plaque of Symeon (in the Louvre)</image:title><image:caption>Plaque of Symeon (in the Louvre)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/an-image-from-the-film-simon-of-the-desert.jpg</image:loc><image:title>An image from the film Simon of the Desert (cca.org)</image:title><image:caption>An image from the film Simon of the Desert (cca.org)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/what-the-church-would-have-looked-like.jpg</image:loc><image:title>What the church would have looked like</image:title><image:caption>What the church would have looked like</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/pillar-base-at-the-church-wikipedia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Pillar base at the church (wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>Pillar base at the church (wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/church-of-saint-simeon-stylites-wikipedia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Church of Saint Simeon Stylites (wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>Church of Saint Simeon Stylites (wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/symeon-the-stylite-christopherklitou-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Symeon the Stylite (christopherklitou.com)</image:title><image:caption>Symeon the Stylite (christopherklitou.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/symeon-the-stylite-oca-org.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Symeon the Stylite (oca.org)</image:title><image:caption>Symeon the Stylite (oca.org)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:38:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/07/22/byzantine-stories-episode-3-porphyrius-the-charioteer-part-1-the-spectacles/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/chariot-racing-depicted-on-the-lampadii-diptych-art-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Chariot racing depicted on the Lampadii Diptych (art.com)</image:title><image:caption>Chariot racing depicted on the Lampadii Diptych (art.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/chariot-race-in-the-circus-maximus-turkeyfile-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Chariot race in the Circus Maximus (turkeyfile.com)</image:title><image:caption>Chariot race in the Circus Maximus (turkeyfile.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:38:16+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/08/05/byzantine-stories-episode-3-porphyrius-the-charioteer-part-2-joining-the-sun/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/the-hippodrome-by-antoine-helbert.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Hippodrome by Antoine Helbert (antoine-helbert.com)</image:title><image:caption>The Hippodrome by Antoine Helbert (antoine-helbert.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:37:51+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/01/05/byzantine-stories-episode-4-procopius-of-caesarea-part-1-a-full-life/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/ravenna_basilica_of_san_vitale_mosaic_justinian.jpg</image:loc><image:title>As far as we know Procopius is not featured in the famous mosaic but it remains the obvious image to pair with his work</image:title><image:caption>As far as we know Procopius is not featured in the famous mosaic but it remains the obvious image to pair with his work</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:37:21+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/01/05/byzantine-stories-episode-4-procopius-of-caesarea-part-2-the-allusions/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/justinian_antoine_helbert1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Justinian by Antoine Helbert (antoine-helbert.com)</image:title><image:caption>Justinian by Antoine Helbert (antoine-helbert.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:36:54+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/07/17/byzantine-stories-episode-5-roman-healthcare-part-3-byzantine-compromise/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/saint-artemios-johnsanidopoulos-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Saint Artemios (johnsanidopoulos.com)</image:title><image:caption>Saint Artemios (johnsanidopoulos.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/italian-copies-of-alexander-of-tralles-treatises-exhibits-hsl-virginia-edu.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Italian copies of Alexander of Tralles' treatises (exhibits.hsl.virginia.edu)</image:title><image:caption>Italian copies of Alexander of Tralles' treatises (exhibits.hsl.virginia.edu)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:36:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/07/17/byzantine-stories-episode-5-roman-healthcare-part-2-calcified-caring/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/galen-fineartamerica-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Claudius Galen (fineartamerica.com)</image:title><image:caption>Claudius Galen (fineartamerica.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:35:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/07/17/byzantine-stories-episode-5-roman-healthcare-part-1-choosing-your-provider/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/hippocrates.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Hippocrates (19th century engraving based on Roman busts)</image:title><image:caption>Hippocrates (19th century engraving based on Roman busts)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:35:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/01/24/byzantine-stories-episode-6-demetrios-of-thessalonica-part-1-becoming-the-frontier/</loc><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:34:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/01/24/byzantine-stories-episode-6-demetrios-of-thessalonica-part-2-the-saint-we-needed/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/the-saint-thanks-the-men-who-rebuilt-his-home-from-the-church-of-st-demetrios.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Saint thanks the men who rebuilt his home from the Church of St Demetrios</image:title><image:caption>The Saint thanks the men who rebuilt his home from the Church of St Demetrios</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/the-saint-guards-children-from-the-church-of-st-demetrios.png</image:loc><image:title>The Saint guards children from the Church of St Demetrios</image:title><image:caption>The Saint guards children from the Church of St Demetrios</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/the-martyrdom-of-st-demetrios-2-bp-blogspot-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Martyrdom of St. Demetrios (2.bp.blogspot.com)</image:title><image:caption>The Martyrdom of St. Demetrios (2.bp.blogspot.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/the-church-of-st-demetrios-today.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Church of St Demetrios today</image:title><image:caption>The Church of St Demetrios today</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/an-icon-of-saint-demetrios-omhksea-org.jpg</image:loc><image:title>An icon of Saint Demetrios (omhksea.org)</image:title><image:caption>An icon of Saint Demetrios (omhksea.org)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:34:14+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/08/07/byzantine-stories-episode-7-women-in-the-roman-world-part-1-the-lesser-sex/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/tarquin-and-lucretia-by-titian-1571.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Tarquin and Lucretia by Titian (1571)</image:title><image:caption>Tarquin and Lucretia by Titian (1571)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:33:45+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/08/07/byzantine-stories-episode-7-women-in-the-roman-world-part-2-daily-realities/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/the-arch-of-the-sergii-pula-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Arch of the Sergii, Pula (pulacroatia.net)</image:title><image:caption>The Arch of the Sergii, Pula (pulacroatia.net)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/planciamagna-450x445.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Statue of Plancia Magna (readntravel.com)</image:title><image:caption>Statue of Plancia Magna (readntravel.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:33:21+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/08/07/byzantine-stories-episode-7-women-in-the-roman-world-part-3-exceptions-to-the-rule/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/fulvia-flacca-bambula.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Fulvia Flacca Bambula</image:title><image:caption>Fulvia Flacca Bambula</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/hypatia-of-alexandria-by-jules-maurice-gaspar-1908.png</image:loc><image:title>Hypatia of Alexandria by Jules Maurice Gaspar 1908</image:title><image:caption>Hypatia of Alexandria by Jules Maurice Gaspar 1908</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:32:50+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/01/25/episode-183-the-fall-of-michael-v/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/theodora-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Theodora (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by Kibea)</image:title><image:caption>Theodora (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by Kibea)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T13:32:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/01/14/byzantine-stories-episode-8-cyprus-565-965-ad/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/roman-roads-and-cities.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Roman roads and cities</image:title><image:caption>Roman roads and cities</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/find-spots-of-coins-from-byzantine-cyprus-by-metcalf.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Find-spots of coins from Byzantine Cyprus by Metcalf</image:title><image:caption>Find-spots of coins from Byzantine Cyprus by Metcalf</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/cyprus-topography-today.png</image:loc><image:title>Cyprus topography today</image:title><image:caption>Cyprus topography today</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/byzantine-cyprus-from-byzantine-cyprus-by-metcalf.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine Cyprus from Byzantine Cyprus by Metcalf</image:title><image:caption>Byzantine Cyprus from Byzantine Cyprus by Metcalf</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2023-09-18T18:38:32+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/01/23/the-house-of-war-special-episodes/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/house-of-war-copy.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Map of the locations in our story</image:title><image:caption>Map of the locations in our story</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/a-dovecot-from-life-and-society-in-byzantine-cappadocia-by-cooper-and-decker.png</image:loc><image:title>A dovecot from Life and Society in Byzantine Cappadocia by Cooper and Decker</image:title><image:caption>A dovecot from Life and Society in Byzantine Cappadocia by Cooper and Decker</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/turkey-cappadocia-cave-interior-derinkuyu-underground-city.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Derinkuyu underground caves (planetware.com)</image:title><image:caption>Derinkuyu underground caves (planetware.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/turkey-cappadocia-ihlara-valley.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Ihlara Valley (planetware.com)</image:title><image:caption>Ihlara Valley (planetware.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/turkey-cappadocia-panoramic-view-zelve-open-air-museum.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Zelve cave homes (planetware.com)</image:title><image:caption>Zelve cave homes (planetware.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/turkey-cappadocia-interior-cave-kaymakli-underground-city.jpg</image:loc><image:title>turkey-cappadocia-interior-cave-kaymakli-underground-city</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/turkey-cappadocia-top-attractions-eski-gumusler-monastery.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Gumusler Monastery (planetware.com)</image:title><image:caption>Gumusler Monastery 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od><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/10/14/an-update-on-the-schedule-of-the-podcast/</loc><lastmod>2021-02-22T00:27:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2021/02/16/episode-223-questions-viii/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/ww.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Did Latin Knights put Byzantine soldiers to shame?</image:title><image:caption>Did Latin Knights put Byzantine soldiers to shame?</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-12-23T19:42:26+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/03/24/episode-133-sowing-the-dragons-teeth-with-eric-mcgeer/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/cavalry-formation-from-sowing-the-dragons-teeth-by-eric-mcgeer.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Cavalry formation (from Sowing the Dragon's Teeth by Eric McGeer)</image:title><image:caption>Cavalry formation (from Sowing the Dragon's Teeth by Eric McGeer)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/square-infantry-formation-from-sowing-the-dragons-teeth-by-eric-mcgeer.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Square infantry formation (from Sowing the Dragon's Teeth by Eric 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DaCunha</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-12-15T15:59:50+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/09/24/episode-221-the-triptych/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/anna-pondering-her-portrayal-of-bohemond-by-nikos-boukouvalas-from-deviantart.com_-e1600793427376.png</image:loc><image:title>Anna pondering her portrayal of Bohemond by Nikos Boukouvalas from deviantart.com</image:title><image:caption>Anna pondering her portrayal of Bohemond by Nikos Boukouvalas from deviantart.com</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-09-27T00:16:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/09/15/episode-220-the-crusade-of-1101/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/1100.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Anatolia and Armenia 1100 AD. 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Turkic and Latin capitals in red.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/basil-the-bogomil-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Basil the Bogomil (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>Basil the Bogomil (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-10-27T04:53:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/08/16/episode-218-the-siege-of-antioch/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/battle-outside-antioch-from-passaiges-doutremer-voyages-to-palestine-illuminated-by-sebastian-marmoret-c1490.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Battle outside Antioch from 'Passaiges d'outremer' (Voyages to Palestine) illuminated by Sebastian Marmoret (c1490)</image:title><image:caption>Battle outside Antioch from 'Passaiges d'outremer' (Voyages to Palestine) illuminated by Sebastian Marmoret (c1490)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/the-defeat-of-kerbogah-from-victory-in-the-east-by-j-france.png</image:loc><image:title>The Defeat of Kerbogah (from Victory in the East by J France)</image:title><image:caption>The Defeat of Kerbogah (from Victory in the East by J France)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/siege-of-antioch.-nov-1097-mar-1098-from-victory-in-the-east-by-j-france.png</image:loc><image:title>Siege of Antioch. Nov 1097 - Mar 1098 (from Victory in the East by J France)</image:title><image:caption>Siege of Antioch. Nov 1097 - Mar 1098 (from Victory in the East by J France)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/siege-of-antioch.-mar-may-1098-from-victory-in-the-east-by-j-france.png</image:loc><image:title>Siege of Antioch. Mar-May 1098 (from Victory in the East by J France)</image:title><image:caption>Siege of Antioch. 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Engraving from painting by Francesco Hayez (1791-1882)</image:title><image:caption>Peter Hermit on Crusade. Engraving from painting by Francesco Hayez (1791-1882)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-06-05T15:51:16+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/05/17/episode-212-who-went-on-crusade-and-why/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/recruitment-for-the-first-crusade-1095-1103-from-the-first-crusaders-by-j.-riley-smith.png</image:loc><image:title>Recruitment for the First Crusade 1095-1103 from The First Crusaders by J. Riley-Smith</image:title><image:caption>Recruitment for the First Crusade 1095-1103 from The First Crusaders by J. Riley-Smith</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-05-25T20:25:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/05/13/episode-211-why-people-went-on-crusade-with-sharyn-eastaugh/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/history-of-the-crusades-podcast.jpg</image:loc><image:title>History of the Crusades podcast</image:title><image:caption>History of the Crusades podcast</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2026-03-03T20:14:57+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/05/08/episode-210-what-did-urban-say/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/pope-urban-preaches-the-crusade-from-cassells-illustrated-history-of-england-volume-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Pope Urban preaches the Crusade from Cassell's Illustrated History of England, Volume 1</image:title><image:caption>Pope Urban preaches the Crusade from Cassell's Illustrated History of England, Volume 1</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-05-10T13:30:03+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/05/03/episode-209-what-about-jerusalem/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/jerusalem-in-the-nuremburg-chronicle-1493.png</image:loc><image:title>Jerusalem in the Nuremburg Chronicle 1493</image:title><image:caption>Jerusalem in the Nuremburg Chronicle 1493</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-05-10T13:30:52+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/04/27/episode-208-the-call-from-the-east-with-peter-frankopan/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/peter-frankopan-the-first-crusade-the-call-from-the-east.png</image:loc><image:title>Peter Frankopan, The First Crusade - 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Dumbarton Oaks Collection (I assume John II on left with Christ. Alexios and Irene on right)</image:title><image:caption>Aspron Trachy of Alexios. Dumbarton Oaks Collection (I assume John II on left with Christ. Alexios and Irene on right)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-04-16T17:07:58+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/03/19/corona-virus-update/</loc><lastmod>2020-04-20T14:14:10+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/03/13/episode-203-the-pecheneg-wars-again/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/1091-varangian-guard-vs-pecheneg-in-1091-battle-the-empire-won-thanks-to-cumans-allies.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Varangian Guardsmen tangle with Pecheneg tribesmen</image:title><image:caption>Varangian Guardsmen tangle with Pecheneg tribesmen</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-08-30T20:29:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/02/14/episode-199-the-battle-of-dyrrachium/</loc><lastmod>2020-03-12T12:50:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/02/28/episode-201-a-narrow-escape/</loc><lastmod>2020-05-20T10:59:02+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/03/08/episode-202-a-wild-west-vibe/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/monument-to-malik-shah-i-and-alp-arslan-in-ashgabat-turkmenistan.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Monument to Malik-Shah I and Alp Arslan in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan</image:title><image:caption>Monument to Malik-Shah I and Alp Arslan in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-05-20T11:32:30+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/02/24/episode-200-a-tribute-to-professor-mark-whittow/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/mark_whittow.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Professor Mark Whittow</image:title><image:caption>Professor Mark Whittow</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2024-03-27T18:39:09+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/02/09/episode-198-heavy-lifting/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/doukas-family-tree.png</image:loc><image:title>Doukas Family Tree</image:title><image:caption>Doukas Family Tree</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/komnenos-family-tree.png</image:loc><image:title>Komnenos Family Tree</image:title><image:caption>Komnenos Family Tree</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-03-02T12:32:25+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/01/24/episode-197-anna-komnene-with-leonora-neville/</loc><lastmod>2020-02-12T02:13:35+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2020/01/17/episode-196-cultural-revival/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/symeon-new-theologian.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Symeon the New Theologian (johnsanidopoulos.com)</image:title><image:caption>Symeon the New Theologian (johnsanidopoulos.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-10-20T09:18:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/02/02/backer-rewards-episode-12-harald-hardrada-with-noah-tetzner/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/harald_hardrada_window_in_kirkwall_cathedral_geograph_2068881.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Window with portrait of Harald in Lerwick Town Hall, Shetland</image:title><image:caption>Window with portrait of Harald in Lerwick Town Hall, Shetland</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-11-12T16:31:53+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/10/21/backer-rewards-episode-15-the-hagia-sophia-and-imperial-coronations/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/sun-rise.png</image:loc><image:title>Amelia Carolina Sparavigna, Lidia Dastrù. Some Churches Dedicated to the Holy Wisdom and their Sunrise Orientation. 2018.</image:title><image:caption>Amelia Carolina Sparavigna, Lidia Dastrù. Some Churches Dedicated to the Holy Wisdom and their Sunrise Orientation. 2018.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/byzantine-polykandela-in-brass-or-bronze.-pallasweb.com_.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine polykandela in brass or bronze. (pallasweb.com)</image:title><image:caption>Byzantine polykandela in brass or bronze. (pallasweb.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/omphalion.png</image:loc><image:title>The Omphalion on the floor of Hagia Sophia</image:title><image:caption>The Omphalion on the floor of Hagia Sophia</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2025-01-18T03:50:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/07/23/episode-195-king-of-the-ashes/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/emperor-nicephorus-botaneiates-httpsgallica.bnf_.frark12148btv1b8470047df1.planchecontact.rbotaneiates.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Emperor Nicephorus Botaneiates (httpsgallica.bnf.frark12148btv1b8470047df1.planchecontact.r=botaneiates)</image:title><image:caption>Emperor Nicephorus Botaneiates (httpsgallica.bnf.frark12148btv1b8470047df1.planchecontact.r=botaneiates)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/michael_vii_doukas_on_the_holy_crown.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Michael VII Doukas on the the Royal Crown of Hungary</image:title><image:caption>Michael VII Doukas on the the Royal Crown of Hungary</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/800px-a_szent_korona_elc3b6lrc591l_2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Royal Crown of Hungary</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-05-08T01:12:18+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/07/04/episode-194-normandy-in-anatolia/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/seal_of_roussel_de_bailleul.png</image:loc><image:title>Roussel's seal, with an image of the Virgin Mary</image:title><image:caption>Roussel's seal, with an image of the Virgin Mary
</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-11-02T14:20:11+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/06/28/episode-193-manzikert/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/manzikert-9b0e1a3be0c049a8928930fcbe1bf65f.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Manzikert-9b0e1a3be0c049a8928930fcbe1bf65f</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/the-battle-of-manzikert-1071-and-the-beginning-of-seljuk-dominance.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The-Battle-of-Manzikert-1071-and-the-Beginning-of-Seljuk-Dominance</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/battle-of-manzikert-4267dd77-1e87-4e8f-a350-30feaa2a8c6-resize-750.jpeg</image:loc><image:title>battle-of-manzikert-4267dd77-1e87-4e8f-a350-30feaa2a8c6-resize-750</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-11-07T16:25:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/05/31/episode-192-feeling-blank/</loc><lastmod>2019-06-05T10:27:43+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/05/24/episode-191-the-sack-of-ani/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/nomisma-histamenon-of-isaac-i-komnenos.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Nomisma histamenon of Isaac I Komnenos</image:title><image:caption>Nomisma histamenon of Isaac I Komnenos</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/nomisma-histamenon-of-constantine-x-doukas.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Nomisma histamenon of Constantine X Doukas</image:title><image:caption>Nomisma histamenon of Constantine X Doukas</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-07-02T12:17:50+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/05/12/episode-190-the-end-of-the-macedonian-dynasty/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/nomisma-histamenon-of-michael-vi.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Nomisma histamenon of Michael VI</image:title><image:caption>Nomisma histamenon of Michael VI</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-06-25T08:38:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/05/03/an-interview-with-barry-strauss-author-of-10-caesars-and-the-antiquitas-podcast/</loc><lastmod>2019-05-05T14:45:30+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/04/26/backer-rewards-episode-14-the-city-of-rome-with-steve-guerra/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/officialcoverart01072017-j0zmggn5.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The History of the Papacy podcast with Steve Guerra</image:title><image:caption>The History of the Papacy podcast with Steve Guerra</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-04-26T10:54:20+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/04/07/backer-rewards-episode-13-the-byzantine-legacy/</loc><lastmod>2021-05-23T16:36:16+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/03/25/episode-189-end-of-act-two/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/sultan-tughril-beg-on-1-manat-2009-banknote-from-turkmenistan.png</image:loc><image:title>Sultan Tughril Beg on 1 Manat 2009 Banknote from Turkmenistan</image:title><image:caption>Sultan Tughril Beg on 1 Manat 2009 Banknote from Turkmenistan</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-08-10T10:46:10+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/03/15/episode-188-the-great-schism/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/dingsheim_stkilian_leo_ix.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Painting of Pope Leo IX from St Kilian Church, Dingsheim, France</image:title><image:caption>Painting of Pope Leo IX from St Kilian Church, Dingsheim, France</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2023-03-09T16:08:43+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/03/07/episode-187-hey-big-spender/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/untitled2.png</image:loc><image:title>Principle stages in the debasement of the nomisma (from the Economic History of Byzantium, Dumbarton Oaks)</image:title><image:caption>Principle stages in the debasement of the nomisma (from the Economic History of Byzantium, Dumbarton Oaks)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-08-18T13:36:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/03/01/episode-186-the-pecheneg-wars/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/pecheneg-tribesman-from-byzantine-armies-886-1118-by-osprey.png</image:loc><image:title>Pecheneg tribesman from Byzantine Armies 886-1118 by Osprey</image:title><image:caption>Pecheneg tribesman from Byzantine Armies 886-1118 by Osprey</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-03-04T02:51:58+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/02/15/episode-185-winning-the-election/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/ani_seen_from_armenia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The ruins of Ani as seen from the Armenian side</image:title><image:caption>The ruins of Ani as seen from the Armenian side</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-02-15T15:06:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/03/20/episode-165-the-eagle-and-the-frogs/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/icon-of-theophylact-of-ohrid.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Icon of Theophylact of Ohrid</image:title><image:caption>Icon of Theophylact of Ohrid</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-07-27T07:14:12+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/06/19/listener-survey-2/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/14260_0ce142d7.jpg</image:loc><image:title>from coinsweekly.com</image:title><image:caption>from coinsweekly.com</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2024-09-19T13:00:12+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/10/13/episode-154-a-cat-among-mice/</loc><lastmod>2019-02-15T14:48:48+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/02/06/episode-160-why-italy-matters/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/7002112002_d1b6b7bf30_b.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Bari today</image:title><image:caption>Bari today</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-02-15T14:48:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/12/03/brilliant-new-artwork-by-amy-reilly/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/image1.jpeg</image:loc><image:title>image1</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2020-01-09T01:15:11+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/01/23/culinary-gourmet-tour-of-turkey-with-serif-yenen/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/gourmetour-1024x636.jpg</image:loc><image:title>gourmetour-1024x636</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2019-02-15T14:47:32+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/02/07/episode-184-act-two-begins/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/2.png</image:loc><image:title>Constantine IX Monomachos (mosaic in Hagia Sophia)</image:title><image:caption>Constantine IX Monomachos (mosaic in Hagia Sophia)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/1.png</image:loc><image:title>Constantine IX Monomachos (left) and Zoe (right) (mosaic in Hagia Sophia)</image:title><image:caption>Constantine IX Monomachos (left) and Zoe (right) (mosaic in Hagia Sophia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-08-08T21:23:45+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/01/18/episode-182-the-double-agent/</loc><lastmod>2022-10-25T18:50:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2019/01/11/episode-181-a-bunch-of-nobodies/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/georgios_maniakes_reproaches_admiral_stephanos.jpg</image:loc><image:title>George Maniakes yells at Stephen from the Madrid Skylitzes</image:title><image:caption>George Maniakes yells at Stephen from the Madrid Skylitzes</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/pecheneg-raids-1036-from-byzantine-military-organization-on-the-danube-by-alexandru-madgearu.pdf.png</image:loc><image:title>pecheneg raids 1036 from byzantine military organization on the danube by alexandru madgearu.pdf</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/pecheneg-raids-1032-5-from-byzantine-military-organization-on-the-danube-by-alexandru-madgearu.pdf.png</image:loc><image:title>pecheneg raids 1032-5 from byzantine military organization on the danube by alexandru madgearu.pdf</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2023-05-25T23:42:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/12/22/episode-179-where-were-we/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Basil-II-and-Constantine-VIII-from-the-Bari-Exultet-Roll.png</image:loc><image:title>Basil II and Constantine VIII from the Bari Exultet Roll</image:title><image:caption>Basil II and Constantine VIII from the Bari Exultet Roll</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-01-09T17:16:11+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/12/28/episode-180-stumbling-forward/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/The-murder-of-Romanos-III-Argyros-from-the-Chronicle-of-John-Skylitzes..jpg</image:loc><image:title>The murder of Romanos III Argyros from the Chronicle of John Skylitzes.</image:title><image:caption>The murder of Romanos III Argyros from the Chronicle of John Skylitzes.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Zoe-from-Rulers-of-the-Byzantine-Empire-published-by-KIBEA.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Zoe (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>Zoe (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-01-09T17:15:56+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/12/14/backer-rewards-episode-11-the-jewish-communities-of-byzantium/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/panorama_of_oria.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Oria in Italy. One of the centre of Jewish learning in Byzantine times</image:title><image:caption>Oria in Italy. One of the centre of Jewish learning in Byzantine times</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-03-23T16:01:51+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/12/07/episode-178-questions-vii/</loc><lastmod>2021-01-15T21:52:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/12/02/ad-free-feed/</loc><lastmod>2019-01-19T04:47:54+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/12/01/episode-177-questions-vi/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/reconstruction-of-a-manor-house-in-caria-from-the-emperors-house.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Reconstruction of a manor house in Caria (from the Emperors House) note the 3 windows on the right as seen in the ruins picture</image:title><image:caption>Reconstruction of a manor house in Caria (from the Emperors House) note the 3 windows on the right as seen in the ruins picture</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/ruins-of-a-manor-house-in-caria-from-the-emperors-house.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Ruins of a manor house in Caria (from the Emperors House)</image:title><image:caption>Ruins of a manor house in Caria (from the Emperors House)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/reconstrcution-of-houses-on-the-acropolis-of-pergamon-from-daily-life-in-the-byzantine-empire.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Reconstrcution of houses on the Acropolis of Pergamon (from Daily Life in the Byzantine Empire)</image:title><image:caption>Reconstrcution of houses on the Acropolis of Pergamon (from Daily Life in the Byzantine Empire)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2023-10-19T14:02:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/11/25/episode-176-michael-psellos-with-peter-adamson/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/michael-psellos-left-with-his-student-emperor-michael-vii-doukas.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Michael Psellos (left) with his student, Emperor Michael VII Doukas</image:title><image:caption>Michael Psellos (left) with his student, Emperor Michael VII Doukas</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-01-10T22:44:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/11/20/episode-175-the-turks/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/topography-of-europe-middle-east-from-new-penguin-atlas-of-ancient-history.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Topography of Europe and the Middle East from New Penguin Atlas of Ancient History</image:title><image:caption>Topography of Europe and the Middle East from New Penguin Atlas of Ancient History</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-03-09T18:56:51+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/10/19/backer-rewards-episode-9-the-sweep-of-history/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/alexander_the_great_mosaic.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Mosaic of Alexander the Great from Pompeii</image:title><image:caption>Mosaic of Alexander the Great from Pompeii</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-11-16T15:02:59+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/03/06/episode-163-the-magyars-pechenegs-and-rus/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/inside-are-original-byzantine-mosaics-church-fathers-l-r-st-laurentlus-basil-the-great-john-chrysostom-gregory-of-nyssa-gregory-wonderworker.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Inside are original Byzantine mosaics. Church fathers L-R St. Laurentlus, Basil the Great, John Chrysostom, Gregory of Nyssa, Gregory Wonderworker</image:title><image:caption>Inside are original Byzantine mosaics. Church fathers L-R St. Laurentlus, Basil the Great, John Chrysostom, Gregory of Nyssa, Gregory Wonderworker</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/hagia-sophia-kiev-begun-in-early-11th-century-restored-in-later-centuries.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Hagia Sophia, Kiev. Begun in early 11th century, restored in later centuries</image:title><image:caption>Hagia Sophia, Kiev. Begun in early 11th century, restored in later centuries</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-11-15T14:25:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/11/07/backer-rewards-episode-10-economy-and-population-questions/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/major-population-centres-palgrave-atlas-of-byzantium.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Major population centres, Palgrave Atlas of Byzantium</image:title><image:caption>Major population centres, Palgrave Atlas of Byzantium</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/balkans-major-population-centres-palgrave-atlas-of-byzantium.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Balkans major population centres, Palgrave Atlas of Byzantium</image:title><image:caption>Balkans major population centres, Palgrave Atlas of Byzantium</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/anatolia-major-population-centres-palgrave-atlas-of-byzantium.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Anatolia major population centres, Palgrave Atlas of Byzantium.jpg</image:title><image:caption>Anatolia major population centres, Palgrave Atlas of Byzantium.jpg</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-11-20T10:53:50+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/11/01/episode-174-the-economic-recovery/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/veljuc5a1a-monastery-fyrom-late-11th-century.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Veljuša Monastery, FYROM, late 11th century</image:title><image:caption>Veljuša Monastery, FYROM, late 11th century</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/church-of-the-holy-apostles-athens-10th-century.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Church of the Holy Apostles, Athens, 10th century</image:title><image:caption>Church of the Holy Apostles, Athens, 10th century</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/church-of-panagia-kapnikarea-athens-c1050.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Church of Panagia Kapnikarea, Athens, c1050</image:title><image:caption>Church of Panagia Kapnikarea, Athens, c1050</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/nea-moni-monastary-chios-mid-11th-century.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Nea Moni Monastary, Chios, mid-11th century</image:title><image:caption>Nea Moni Monastary, Chios, mid-11th century</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-12-04T20:12:33+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/10/12/episode-173-dead-ideas-podcast-interview-the-varangian-guard/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/robin-pierson-as-emperor-justinian-with-hagia-sophia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Robin Pierson as Emperor Justinian with Hagia Sophia</image:title><image:caption>Robin Pierson as Emperor Justinian with Hagia Sophia</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/varangian-guard-from-ospreys-byzantine-armies-886-1118.png</image:loc><image:title>Varangian Guard from Osprey's Byzantine Armies 886-1118</image:title><image:caption>Varangian Guard from Osprey's Byzantine Armies 886-1118</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-06-23T08:49:21+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/10/05/episode-172-the-roman-army-in-1025-ad/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/byzantine-infantry-from-ospreys-byzantine-armies-886-1118.png</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine infantry from Osprey's Byzantine Armies 886-1118</image:title><image:caption>Byzantine infantry from Osprey's Byzantine Armies 886-1118</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/lightly-armoured-troops-from-ospreys-byzantine-armies-886-1118.png</image:loc><image:title>Lightly armoured troops from Osprey's Byzantine Armies 886-1118</image:title><image:caption>Lightly armoured troops from Osprey's Byzantine Armies 886-1118</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/heavy-cavalry-from-ospreys-byzantine-armies-886-1118.png</image:loc><image:title>Heavy cavalry from Osprey's Byzantine Armies 886-1118</image:title><image:caption>Heavy cavalry from Osprey's Byzantine Armies 886-1118</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/emperor-and-guards-from-ospreys-byzantine-armies-886-1118.png</image:loc><image:title>Emperor and guards from Osprey's Byzantine Armies 886-1118</image:title><image:caption>Emperor and guards from Osprey's Byzantine Armies 886-1118</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-10-13T04:14:53+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/09/27/backer-rewards-episode-8-greek-fire-on-land/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/a-standard-dromon-from-war-at-sea-in-the-middle-ages-and-the-renaissance.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A standard Dromon from War at Sea in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance</image:title><image:caption>A standard Dromon from War at Sea in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-09-27T18:50:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/09/21/episode-171-the-eastern-frontier/</loc><lastmod>2021-07-07T15:33:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/09/19/the-history-of-byzantium-tour/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/dsc_0410.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The beautiful mosaics of Chora</image:title><image:caption>The beautiful mosaics of Chora</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/dsc_0352.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Walk the Land Walls!</image:title><image:caption>Walk the Land Walls!</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/dsc_0212.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Basilica Cistern</image:title><image:caption>The Basilica Cistern</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/dsc_0808.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The amazing gardens of the Archeaological Musuem</image:title><image:caption>The amazing gardens of the Archeaological Musuem</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/dsc_0020.jpg</image:loc></image:image><lastmod>2020-10-15T16:29:07+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/09/17/the-fall-of-constantinople-a-poem/</loc><lastmod>2020-12-04T14:43:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/09/14/backer-rewards-episode-7-georgia-and-the-black-sea/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/david-iii-of-tao-as-depicted-on-a-bas-relief-from-the-oshki-monastery.jpg</image:loc><image:title>David III of Tao as depicted on a bas-relief from the Oshki Monastery</image:title><image:caption>David III of Tao as depicted on a bas-relief from the Oshki Monastery</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-09-19T11:18:16+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/09/07/episode-170-the-conquest-of-armenia/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/from-armenia-a-historical-atlas-by-hewson.jpg</image:loc><image:title>From Armenia - A Historical Atlas by Hewson</image:title><image:caption>From Armenia - A Historical Atlas by Hewson</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/eastern-frontier-from-basil-ii-and-the-governance-of-empire-by-holmes.png</image:loc><image:title>Eastern frontier from 'Basil II and the Governance of Empire' by Holmes</image:title><image:caption>Eastern frontier from 'Basil II and the Governance of Empire' by Holmes</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/a-lovely-looking-but-very-misleading-map-1045.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Simplified military provinces of the Empire 1045</image:title><image:caption>Simplified military provinces of the Empire 1045</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/anatolia-and-armenia-1025-ad.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Anatolia and Armenia 1025 AD</image:title><image:caption>Anatolia and Armenia 1025 AD</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-09-26T23:39:49+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/08/24/backer-rewards-episode-6-respect-institutions-justice/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/thief-1466666462-300x260.jpg</image:loc><image:title>thief-1466666462-300x260</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-09-03T14:37:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/06/12/backer-rewards-episode-2-a-day-in-the-life-of-a-podcaster/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/20150517_132906.jpg</image:loc><image:title>20150517_132906</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2019-11-25T19:22:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/06/23/backer-rewards-episode-3-what-was-istanbul-like/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/dsc_0440.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Zeyrek Mosque (former Church of the Pantocrator Monastery)</image:title><image:caption>Zeyrek Mosque (former Church of the Pantocrator Monastery)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-08-22T11:30:57+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/06/28/backer-rewards-episode-4-lucky-romans-and-being-a-celebrity/</loc><lastmod>2018-08-22T11:30:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/08/19/episode-169-constantinople-in-1025/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/the-great-palace-from-the-byzantine-court-source-of-power-and-culture.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Great Palace from The Byzantine Court - Source of Power and Culture</image:title><image:caption>The Great Palace from The Byzantine Court - Source of Power and Culture</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/map-of-the-great-palace-from-the-book-the-emperors-house.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Map of the Great Palace from the book The Emperors House</image:title><image:caption>Map of the Great Palace from the book The Emperors House</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/bodrum-mosque-the-former-myrelaion-church.png</image:loc><image:title>Bodrum Mosque, the former Myrelaion Church</image:title><image:caption>Bodrum Mosque, the former Myrelaion Church</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/the-palazzo-farsetti-in-venice-built-by-descendents-of-enrioc-dandolo-venicetour-it.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Palazzo Farsetti in Venice, built by descendents of Enrioc Dandolo (venicetour.it)</image:title><image:caption>The Palazzo Farsetti in Venice, built by descendents of Enrioc Dandolo (venicetour.it)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/dsc_0025.jpg</image:loc><image:title>DSC_0025</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/constantinople_4.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Constantinople by Antoine Helbert</image:title><image:caption>Constantinople by Antoine Helbert</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-09-03T14:39:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/07/08/backer-rewards-episode-5-imperial-qualities-and-more-feelings/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/httpwww-byzantium-xronikon-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>What makes a good Emperor? (byzantium.xronikon.com)</image:title><image:caption>What makes a good Emperor? (byzantium.xronikon.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-08-11T17:25:32+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/05/24/an-interview-with-robert-horvat-of-thehistoryofthebyzantineempire-com/</loc><lastmod>2018-07-03T10:59:57+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/07/26/byzantine-stories-episode-1-john-chrysostom-part-1-welcome-to-antioch/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/ancient-antioch-from-above-pre-350ad-by-kayhankaplan-deviantart-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Ancient Antioch from above (pre 350AD) by kayhankaplan (deviantart.com).jpg</image:title><image:caption>Ancient Antioch from above (pre 350AD) by kayhankaplan (deviantart.com).jpg</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/ancient-antioch-pre-350ad-by-kayhankaplan-deviantart-com1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Ancient Antioch (pre 350AD) by kayhankaplan (deviantart.com)</image:title><image:caption>Ancient Antioch (pre 350AD) by kayhankaplan (deviantart.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/engraving-of-antioch-by-william-miller-from-a-sketch-by-byam-martin-in-1866.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Engraving of Antioch by William Miller from a sketch by Byam Martin in 1866</image:title><image:caption>Engraving of Antioch by William Miller from a sketch by Byam Martin in 1866</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/antioch-city-map.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Map of Antioch (mappery.com)</image:title><image:caption>Map of Antioch (mappery.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/st-john-chrysostom1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>John Chrysostom (integratedcatholiclife.org)</image:title><image:caption>John Chrysostom (integratedcatholiclife.org)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/1113achrysostom.jpg</image:loc><image:title>John Chrysostom (from oca.org)</image:title><image:caption>John Chrysostom (from oca.org)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-11T22:03:33+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/06/06/episode-168a-travellers-to-constantinople/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/the-cross-reliquary-of-limburg.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Cross-reliquary of Limburg</image:title><image:caption>The Cross-reliquary of Limburg</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/equestrian-statue-of-justinian-with-theodosius-marking-antoine-helbert-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Equestrian statue of Justinian with Theodosius marking (Antoine-Helbert.com)</image:title><image:caption>Equestrian statue of Justinian with Theodosius marking (Antoine-Helbert.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2024-03-16T18:06:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/06/06/episode-168-a-guided-tour/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/the-weeping-column-in-hagia-sophia-livingtuscany-wordpress-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The weeping column in Hagia Sophia (livingtuscany.wordpress.com)</image:title><image:caption>The weeping column in Hagia Sophia (livingtuscany.wordpress.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-06-11T20:28:49+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/05/28/episode-167-five-centuries-on/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/the-mese-by-antoine-helbert.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Mese by Antoine Helbert</image:title><image:caption>The Mese by Antoine Helbert</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/panorama-by-rocio-espin-pinar.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Panorama by Rocio Espin Pinar</image:title><image:caption>Panorama by Rocio Espin Pinar</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-11-25T19:23:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/05/23/post-script-to-episode-166/</loc><lastmod>2018-05-27T18:38:54+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/05/21/episode-166-to-the-city/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/icon-of-st-george-blessedcelebration-com.png</image:loc><image:title>Icon of St George (blessedcelebration.com)</image:title><image:caption>Icon of St George (blessedcelebration.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2024-08-29T18:27:00+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/04/26/episode-104-god-fearing/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/arab-byzantine-border-in-anatolia.png</image:loc><image:title>Arab-Byzantine border in Anatolia (author: CPlakidas at Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>Arab-Byzantine border in Anatolia (author: CPlakidas at Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/military-division-of-the-empire-in-842-from-byzantium-in-the-iconoclast-era.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Military division of the Empire in 842 (from Byzantium in the Iconoclast Era)</image:title><image:caption>Military division of the Empire in 842 (from Byzantium in the Iconoclast Era)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-02-23T18:59:54+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/05/12/backer-rewards-episode-1-byzantine-games/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/byzantio-the-board-game.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Byzantio the board game</image:title><image:caption>Byzantio the board game</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/justinian-the-board-game.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Justinian the board game</image:title><image:caption>Justinian the board game</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/byzantium-board-game.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Byzantium board game</image:title><image:caption>Byzantium board game</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-05-28T05:40:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/03/01/istanbul-kickstarter-campaign/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/gold-120.jpg</image:loc></image:image><lastmod>2019-12-26T21:30:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/03/16/episode-164-dont-believe-your-map/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/serbia-and-croatia-in-the-11th-century-from-byzantiums-balkan-frontier-by-paul-stephenson.png</image:loc><image:title>Serbia and Croatia in the 11th century from Byzantium's Balkan Frontier by Paul Stephenson</image:title><image:caption>Serbia and Croatia in the 11th century from Byzantium's Balkan Frontier by Paul Stephenson</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/camridge-history-of-byzantium-balkans-map.png</image:loc><image:title>Camridge History of Byzantium Balkans map</image:title><image:caption>Camridge History of Byzantium Balkans map</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/a-lovely-looking-but-very-misleading-map-1045.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A lovely looking but very misleading map 1045</image:title><image:caption>A lovely looking but very misleading map 1045</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/colin-mcevedys-atlas-of-medieval-europe-i-love-it-but-it-is-misleading.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Colin McEvedy's Atlas of Medieval Europe. I love it but it is misleading</image:title><image:caption>Colin McEvedy's Atlas of Medieval Europe. I love it but it is misleading</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-07-05T05:13:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/03/15/ask-me-anything/</loc><lastmod>2020-01-22T09:36:23+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/03/06/an-update-on-the-history-of-byzantium-project/</loc><lastmod>2018-03-04T08:36:48+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/09/13/episode-36-the-end-of-legitimacy/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/coins-depicting-the-legitimate-king-of-kings-khosrau-ii.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Coins depicting the legitimate King of Kings Khosrau II</image:title><image:caption>Coins depicting the legitimate King of Kings Khosrau II</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-03-01T15:14:50+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/02/27/episode-162-venetians-and-normans/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/pietro-ii-orseolo-left-and-his-son-otto.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Pietro II Orseolo (left) and his son Otto</image:title><image:caption>Pietro II Orseolo (left) and his son Otto</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-03-05T18:35:54+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/05/12/episode-138-abhorring-the-palace/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/monastery-of-megisti-lavra-great-lavra-in-athos-the-oldest-monastery-on-mount-athos.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Monastery of Megisti Lavra (Great Lavra) in Athos - the oldest monastery on Mount Athos</image:title><image:caption>Monastery of Megisti Lavra (Great Lavra) in Athos - the oldest monastery on Mount Athos</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/the-new-walls-of-nikephoros-phokas-from-the-making-of-byzantium-by-mark-whittow.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The new walls of Nikephoros Phokas from The Making of Byzantium by Mark Whittow</image:title><image:caption>The new walls of Nikephoros Phokas from The Making of Byzantium by Mark Whittow</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-02-22T18:00:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/04/28/episode-137-cilicia/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/here-is-a-close-up-cappadociaexclusivetravel-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Here is a close up (cappadociaexclusivetravel.com)</image:title><image:caption>Here is a close up (cappadociaexclusivetravel.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/cavusin-church-cappadocia-inside-the-left-apse-you-can-see-the-imperial-family-global-geography-org.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Cavusin Church, Cappadocia. Inside the left apse you can see the Imperial family (global-geography.org)</image:title><image:caption>Cavusin Church, Cappadocia. Inside the left apse you can see the Imperial family (global-geography.org)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/roman-bridge-at-mopsuestia-originally-built-by-justinian-now-misis-in-turkey.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Roman bridge at Mopsuestia, originally built by Justinian (now Misis in Turkey)</image:title><image:caption>Roman bridge at Mopsuestia, originally built by Justinian (now Misis in Turkey)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/965-cavalry-of-emperor-nikephoros-phokas-crushing-arab-forces-before-the-walls-of-tarsus-returning-this-city-and-region-under-imperial-rule-again-in-965adamelianvs.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine cavalry charge outside the walls of Tarsus (from the Byzantine military history facebook group)</image:title><image:caption>Byzantine cavalry charge outside the walls of Tarsus (from the Byzantine military history facebook group)
</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/close-up-of-romans-in-c3a7avuc59fin-church-cappadocia-flickr-user-chihping.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Close up of Romans in Çavuşin Church, Cappadocia (Flickr user ChihPing)</image:title><image:caption>Close up of Romans in Çavuşin Church, Cappadocia (Flickr user ChihPing)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/top-the-crucifixion-below-the-phokades-and-allies-conflicting-reports-on-who-is-who-alamy-stock-photos.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Top - the Crucifixion. Below - Roman soldiers in procession in support of the Phokades. John Tzimiskes on horse (Alamy Stock photos)</image:title><image:caption>Top - the Crucifixion. Below - Roman soldiers in procession in support of the Phokades. John Tzimiskes on horse (Alamy Stock photos)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-02-21T17:29:28+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/04/23/episode-136-the-white-death-of-the-saracens/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/nicephorus-ii-virgin-mary-on-left-dumbarton-oaks-coin-collection.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Nicephorus II, Virgin Mary on left (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:title><image:caption>Nicephorus II, Virgin Mary on left (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/the-image-of-nicephorus-which-the-modern-illustration-is-based-on.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The image of Nicephorus which the modern illustration is based on</image:title><image:caption>The image of Nicephorus which the modern illustration is based on</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/nicephorus-phocas-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Nicephorus Phocas (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>Nicephorus Phocas (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-02-20T15:19:30+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/04/13/episode-135-triumphal-procession/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/960-battle-of-andrassus-andrasos-960.jpg</image:loc><image:title>960 - Battle of Andrassus, Leo ambushes Sayf (weaponsandwarfare.com)</image:title><image:caption>960 - Battle of Andrassus, Leo ambushes Sayf (weaponsandwarfare.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/the-citadel-of-aleppo-thewallwillfall-wordpress-com.jpeg</image:loc><image:title>The Citadel of Aleppo (thewallwillfall.wordpress.com)</image:title><image:caption>The Citadel of Aleppo (thewallwillfall.wordpress.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/the-citadel-of-aleppo-wikipedia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Citadel of Aleppo (wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>The Citadel of Aleppo (wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-02-19T16:31:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2018/02/19/episode-161-not-yet-holy-roman-emperors/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/otto-the-great.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Otto the Great (/rorate-caeli.blogspot.com)</image:title><image:caption>Otto the Great (/rorate-caeli.blogspot.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-02-27T09:30:00+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/04/09/episode-134-third-times-the-charm/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/romanus-ii-dumbarton-oaks-coin-collection.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Romanus II (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:title><image:caption>Romanus II (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-02-16T16:43:51+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/03/18/episode-132-escalating-violence/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/another-view-of-the-frontier-fortresses-from-cplakidas.png</image:loc><image:title>Another view of the frontier fortresses from CPlakidas</image:title><image:caption>Another view of the frontier fortresses from CPlakidas</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-02-14T20:59:39+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/03/10/episode-131-false-economy/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/the-court-of-sayf_al-dawla-from-the-chronicle-of-john-skylitzes.png</image:loc><image:title>The court of Sayf al-Dawla (from the Chronicle of John Skylitzes)</image:title><image:caption>The court of Sayf al-Dawla (from the Chronicle of John Skylitzes)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-06-29T10:53:54+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/03/03/episode-130-the-empire-that-would-not-die-with-john-haldon/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/51pl48b6ohl-_sx327_bo1204203200_.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Empire That Would Not Die by John Haldon (Harvard University Press)</image:title><image:caption>The Empire That Would Not Die by John Haldon (Harvard University Press)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2024-10-11T23:15:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/02/17/episode-128-the-prudent-course/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/surrender-of-the-mandylion-from-the-madrid-copy-of-the-chronicle-of-john-skylitzes.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Surrender of the Mandylion from the Madrid copy of the Chronicle of John Skylitzes</image:title><image:caption>Surrender of the Mandylion from the Madrid copy of the Chronicle of John Skylitzes</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/941-byzantium-and-rus-warriors-in-941-ad.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine fleet attack Rus ships (found on facebook page 'Byzantine Military History')</image:title><image:caption>Byzantine fleet attack Rus ships (found on facebook page 'Byzantine Military History')</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-04-05T17:05:33+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/02/10/episode-127-melitene/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/capture-of-melitene-from-the-madrid-copy-of-the-chronicle-of-john-skylitzes.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Capture of Melitene from the Madrid copy of the Chronicle of John Skylitzes</image:title><image:caption>Capture of Melitene from the Madrid copy of the Chronicle of John Skylitzes</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-02-07T21:55:12+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/02/03/episode-126-attract-and-repel/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/use-of-a-portable-byzantine-flamethrower-for-greek-fire-from-atop-a-flying-bridge-against-a-castle-illumination-from-the-poliorcetica-of-hero-of-byzantium.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Use of a portable Byzantine flamethrower for Greek fire from atop a flying bridge against a castle. Illumination from the Poliorcetica of Hero of Byzantium.</image:title><image:caption>Use of a portable Byzantine flamethrower for Greek fire from atop a flying bridge against a castle. Illumination from the Poliorcetica of Hero of Byzantium.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-02-05T19:46:28+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/01/27/episode-125-a-tsar-is-born/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/romanos-lecapenus-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Romanos Lecapenus from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire" published by Kibea</image:title><image:caption>Romanos Lecapenus from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire" published by Kibea</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-06-28T10:43:16+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/01/20/episode-124-a-roman-story/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/mosaic-of-alexander-from-the-hagia-sophia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Mosaic of Alexander from the Hagia Sophia</image:title><image:caption>Mosaic of Alexander from the Hagia Sophia</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-04-17T21:50:28+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/01/10/episode-123-dramatis-personae/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/nicholas_mystikos.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos</image:title><image:caption>Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-01-28T15:57:21+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/12/18/episode-122-questions-v/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/byzantine-flag.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine Flag</image:title><image:caption>Byzantine Flag</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-03-15T17:52:59+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/12/11/episode-121-the-roman-army-in-900ad/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/byzantine-themes-c900-from-palgrave-atlas-of-byzantine-history.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine Themes c900 from Palgrave Atlas of Byzantine History</image:title><image:caption>Byzantine Themes c900 from Palgrave Atlas of Byzantine History</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/anatolia-900ad-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Empire c912 AD</image:title><image:caption>The Empire c912 AD</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/byzantine_empire_themata-950-en-svg.png</image:loc><image:title>The Themes c950AD</image:title><image:caption>The Themes c950AD</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-01-18T22:12:39+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/11/30/episode-120-the-magnates/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/anatolian-plateau-polatli-near-ankara-from-doshgoeseast-blogspot-co-uk.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Anatolian plateau (Polatli near Ankara from doshgoeseast.blogspot.co.uk)</image:title><image:caption>Anatolian plateau (Polatli near Ankara from doshgoeseast.blogspot.co.uk)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-01-17T15:00:53+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/11/17/episode-119-follow-the-money/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/forum_de_constantin_detail.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Forum of Constantine by Antoine Helbert (antoine-helbert.com)</image:title><image:caption>The Forum of Constantine by Antoine Helbert (antoine-helbert.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2024-12-06T12:24:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/11/09/episode-118-revival/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/12697155_1196995873662233_2480362079109100237_o.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Constantinople: the core of Roman survival and revival (Pic by by RadoJavor at deviantart.com)</image:title><image:caption>Constantinople: the core of Roman survival and revival (Pic by by RadoJavor at deviantart.com) </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2024-12-06T12:27:23+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/10/28/episode-117-questions-iv/</loc><lastmod>2023-09-20T01:06:20+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/10/19/episode-116-north-of-the-danube/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/the-major-varangian-trade-routes-the-volga-trade-route-is-in-red-the-dneiper-and-one-other-in-purple-existing-trade-routs-in-orange.png</image:loc><image:title>The Major Varangian trade routes. The Volga route is in red. The Dneiper (and one other) in purple. Existing trade routes in orange</image:title><image:caption>The Major Varangian trade routes. The Volga route is in red. The Dneiper (and one other) in purple. Existing trade routes in orange</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-01-14T00:11:58+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/10/12/episode-115-the-rise-of-bulgaria/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/bulgarian-empire-c900-ad-from-runciman-first-bulgarian-empire.gif</image:loc><image:title>Bulgarian Empire c900 AD (from Runciman - First Bulgarian Empire)</image:title><image:caption>Bulgarian Empire c900 AD (from Runciman - First Bulgarian Empire)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-01-12T23:16:24+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/10/05/episode-114-international-relations/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/st_marks_body_brought_to_venice_by_jacopo_tintoretto.jpg</image:loc><image:title>St Mark's Body Brought to Venice by Jacopo Tintoretto</image:title><image:caption>St Mark's Body Brought to Venice by Jacopo Tintoretto</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-03-14T20:51:30+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/09/28/episode-113-carolingian-decline/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/the-division-of-the-carolingian-empire-in-843-ad.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Division of the Carolingian Empire in 843 AD</image:title><image:caption>The Division of the Carolingian Empire in 843 AD</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-10-23T16:21:39+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/09/21/episode-112-the-frontier/</loc><lastmod>2018-01-10T20:35:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/09/14/episode-111-abbasid-decline/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/political-division-of-europe-and-middle-east-from-colin-mcevedys-atlas-of-medieval-europe.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Political division of Europe and Middle East from Colin McEvedy's Atlas of Medieval Europe</image:title><image:caption>Political division of Europe and Middle East from Colin McEvedy's Atlas of Medieval Europe</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/samarra-today-from-bestourism-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Samarra today (from bestourism.com)</image:title><image:caption>Samarra today (from bestourism.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/europe-and-the-near-east-900ad-worldhistorymaps-info.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Europe and the Near East 900AD (worldhistorymaps.info)</image:title><image:caption>Europe and the Near East 900AD (worldhistorymaps.info)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-02-24T09:25:56+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/07/12/episode-110-the-four-wives-of-leo-vi/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/leo-kneeling-venerating-christ-from-a-mosaic-in-the-hagia-sophia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Leo (kneeling) venerating Christ from a mosaic in the Hagia Sophia</image:title><image:caption>Leo (kneeling) venerating Christ from a mosaic in the Hagia Sophia</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-01-04T20:10:35+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/07/05/episode-109-leo-the-wise/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/the-romans-flee-from-the-bulgars-at-boulgarofygon-from-the-chronicle-of-john-skylitzes.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Romans flee from the Bulgars at Boulgarofygon (from the Chronicle of John Skylitzes)</image:title><image:caption>The Romans flee from the Bulgars at Boulgarofygon (from the Chronicle of John Skylitzes)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/leo-vi-dumbarton-oaks-coin-collection.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Leo VI (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:title><image:caption>Leo VI (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/leo-vi-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Leo VI (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>Leo VI (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-02-26T18:27:40+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/06/18/episode-108-known-unknowns/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/the-walls-of-tephrice-scanned-poorly-from-treadgolds-byzantine-state-and-society.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Scanned poorly from Treadgold's Byzantine State and Society</image:title><image:caption>Scanned poorly from Treadgold's Byzantine State and Society</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-12-22T21:29:16+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/12/22/episode-159-rest-in-peace/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/2048-archaeologicalpurplegroup.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Some of the Imperial Sarcophagi (Istanbul Archeological Museum)</image:title><image:caption>Some of the Imperial Sarcophagi (Istanbul Archeological Museum)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/1200px-bodrumcamii20070529_01.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Myrelaion of Romanos Lekapenos</image:title><image:caption>Myrelaion of Romanos Lekapenos</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-22T18:26:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/06/10/episode-107-keeping-up-with-the-macedonians/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/basil-i-on-right-enthroned-jesus-on-left-dumbarton-oaks-coin-collection.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Basil I on right, enthroned Jesus on left (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:title><image:caption>Basil I on right, enthroned Jesus on left (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/basil-on-ship-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Basil on ship (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>Basil on ship (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/basil-i-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Basil I (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>Basil I (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/michael-iii-the-drunkard-and-basil-the-macedonian-scanned-from-treadgold-originally-from-the-modena-copy-of-john-zonaras-history.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Michael III the Drunkard and Basil the Macedonian (scanned from Treadgold, originally from the Modena copy of John Zonaras' history)</image:title><image:caption>Michael III the Drunkard and Basil the Macedonian (scanned from Treadgold, originally from the Modena copy of John Zonaras' history)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-02-24T00:00:28+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/05/27/episode-106-mother-and-uncle/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/photius-the-patriarch-of-constantinople-iconograms-org.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Photius the Patriarch of Constantinople (iconograms.org)</image:title><image:caption>Photius the Patriarch of Constantinople (iconograms.org)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/michael-iii-dumbarton-oaks-coin-collection.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Michael III (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:title><image:caption>Michael III (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-12-18T21:17:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/05/20/episode-105-the-triumph-of-orthodoxy/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/the-bride-show-where-theophilos-chooses-theodora-val-cameron-prinsep-1838-1904-new-york-public-library-digital-gallery.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The bride show where Theophilos chooses Theodora (Val Cameron Prinsep (1838-1904) - New York Public Library Digital Gallery)</image:title><image:caption>The bride show where Theophilos chooses Theodora (Val Cameron Prinsep (1838-1904) - New York Public Library Digital Gallery)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/military-division-of-the-empire-in-842-from-byzantium-in-the-iconoclast-era.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Military division of the Empire in 842 (from Byzantium in the Iconoclast Era)</image:title><image:caption>Military division of the Empire in 842 (from Byzantium in the Iconoclast Era)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-12-17T00:18:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/12/15/episode-158-the-legend-slayer/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/23845820_1613334872022228_936668245824700148_o.jpg</image:loc><image:title>It never happened but it does look cool. Picture by Vasil Goranov</image:title><image:caption>It never happened but it does look cool. Picture by Vasil Goranov</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2023-06-13T16:25:40+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/04/13/episode-103-god-loving/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/byzantine-beacon-system.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine Beacon System</image:title><image:caption>Byzantine Beacon System</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/5ui7gn.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Theophilus' inscription on the Sea Walls (historum.com)</image:title><image:caption>Theophilus' inscription on the Sea Walls (historum.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/900-1381719_10203015105331470_7802152913397769339_n.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Golden Automata of the throne room (from camerainthesun.com)</image:title><image:caption>The Golden Automata of the throne room (from camerainthesun.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-12-14T21:48:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/03/26/episode-102-the-islands/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/view-of-enna-modern-castrogiovanni-in-sicily-where-euphemius-was-stabbed-to-death.jpg</image:loc><image:title>View of Enna (modern Castrogiovanni) in Sicily where Euphemius was stabbed to death</image:title><image:caption>View of Enna (modern Castrogiovanni) in Sicily where Euphemius was stabbed to death</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/view-of-modern-heraklion-founded-by-the-arab-invaders-in-828.jpg</image:loc><image:title>View of modern Heraklion founded by the Arab invaders in 828</image:title><image:caption>View of modern Heraklion founded by the Arab invaders in 828</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-04-07T14:13:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/03/13/episode-101-thomas-the-slav/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/thomas-the-slavs-troops-in-action-from-the-chronicle-of-john-scylitzes.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Thomas the Slav's troops in action (from The Chronicle of John Scylitzes)</image:title><image:caption>Thomas the Slav's troops in action (from The Chronicle of John Scylitzes)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/thomas-the-slav-negotiates-with-the-arabs-from-the-chronicle-of-john-scylitzes.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Thomas the Slav negotiates with the Arabs (from The Chronicle of John Scylitzes)</image:title><image:caption>Thomas the Slav negotiates with the Arabs (from The Chronicle of John Scylitzes)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2025-05-28T20:14:14+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/09/14/podcasting-in-istanbul/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/theodosianische_landmauer_in_istanbul.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Theodossian Walls</image:title><image:caption>The Theodossian Walls</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-12-08T14:10:50+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/12/08/update-on-the-schedule-and-istanbul/</loc><lastmod>2018-01-19T23:36:35+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/02/19/episode-100-an-interview-with-mike-duncan/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/thehistoryofrome-e1336660820218.png</image:loc><image:title>The History of Rome</image:title><image:caption>The History of Rome</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/mike-duncan.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Mike Duncan</image:title><image:caption>Mike Duncan</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/6a01053629a711970c019aff6983b3970d.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Revolutions podcast</image:title><image:caption>Revolutions podcast</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-01-04T20:14:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/02/14/episode-99-michael-of-amorium/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/michael-ii-dumbarton-oaks-coin-collection.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Michael II (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:title><image:caption>Michael II (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-12-05T23:32:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/02/06/episode-98-leo-the-armenian/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/leo-v-dumbarton-oaks-coin-collection.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Leo V (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:title><image:caption>Leo V (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-12-04T22:34:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/01/31/episode-97-michael-rhangabe-emperor-of-the-romans/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/michael-and-his-son-being-proclaimed-as-depicted-in-the-chronicle-of-john-skylitzes.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Michael and his son being proclaimed (as depicted in the Chronicle of John Skylitzes)</image:title><image:caption>Michael and his son being proclaimed (as depicted in the Chronicle of John Skylitzes)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/the-site-of-mesembria-modern-nesebar-from-visitnessebar-org.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The site of Mesembria (modern Nesebar) from visitnessebar.org</image:title><image:caption>The site of Mesembria (modern Nesebar) from visitnessebar.org</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-12-03T18:17:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/01/24/episode-96-shoulda/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/krum-drinks-from-nicephorus-skull-from-seanmunger-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Krum drinks from Nicephorus' skull (from seanmunger.com)</image:title><image:caption>Krum drinks from Nicephorus' skull (from seanmunger.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/krum-receives-nicepheros-head-from-worldhistoryplus-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Krum receives Nicepheros' head (from worldhistoryplus.com)</image:title><image:caption>Krum receives Nicepheros' head (from worldhistoryplus.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/krum-traps-the-army-from-worldhistoryplus-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Krum traps the army (from worldhistoryplus.com)</image:title><image:caption>Krum traps the army (from worldhistoryplus.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/a-valley-in-the-balkan-mountains-intrepidtravel-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A valley in the Balkan Mountains (intrepidtravel.com)</image:title><image:caption>A valley in the Balkan Mountains (intrepidtravel.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-02-04T16:45:24+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/01/17/episode-95-coulda/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/the-skyline-of-modern-sofia-roman-serdica-from-senderismoeuropa-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The skyline of modern Sofia (Roman Serdica) from senderismoeuropa.com</image:title><image:caption>The skyline of modern Sofia (Roman Serdica) from senderismoeuropa.com</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-11-26T00:21:23+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/01/10/episode-94-woulda/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/nicephorus-i-dumbarton-oaks-coin-collection1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Nicephorus I (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:title><image:caption>Nicephorus I (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-11-24T21:43:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/01/03/episode-93-recap-and-precap/</loc><lastmod>2017-11-23T20:54:57+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/12/23/episode-92-questions-iii/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/the-family-of-games-known-as-merells-or-morris-the-game-was-called-tric3b4dion-in-greek-from-levantia-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The family of games known as merells or morris. The game was called triôdion in Greek (from levantia.com)</image:title><image:caption>The family of games known as merells or morris. The game was called triôdion in Greek (from levantia.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-11-21T15:47:25+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/12/21/episode-91-an-interview-with-author-vincent-oreilly/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/count-no-man-happy-by-paul-kastenellos.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Count No Man Happy by Paul Kastenellos.jpg</image:title><image:caption>Count No Man Happy by Paul Kastenellos</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/antonina-a-byzantine-slut-by-paul-kastenellos.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Antonina - A Byzantine Slut by Paul Kastenellos</image:title><image:caption>Antonina - A Byzantine Slut by Paul Kastenellos</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-06-06T14:30:18+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/12/16/episode-90-the-roman-army-in-800ad/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/9th-century-byzantine-troops-from-byzantium-at-war-by-john-haldon.jpg</image:loc><image:title>9th century Byzantine troops from Byzantium at War by John Haldon</image:title><image:caption>9th century Byzantine troops from Byzantium at War by John Haldon</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-11-19T21:15:00+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/12/04/episode-87-the-house-of-war/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/plan-of-field-army-marching-camp-10th-century-from-byzantium-at-war-by-john-haldon.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Plan of field army marching camp, 10th century from Byzantium at War by John Haldon</image:title><image:caption>Plan of field army marching camp, 10th century from Byzantium at War by John Haldon</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2025-04-22T19:47:58+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/11/22/episode-86b-more-thoughts-on-the-byzantine-republic/</loc><lastmod>2019-08-01T15:39:58+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/11/12/episode-86-the-byzantine-republic-with-anthony-kaldellis/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/anthony-kaldellis.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Professor Anthony Kaldellis</image:title><image:caption>Professor Anthony Kaldellis</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/the-byzantine-republic-by-anthony-kaldellis.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Byzantine Republic by Anthony Kaldellis</image:title><image:caption>The Byzantine Republic by Anthony Kaldellis</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-09-03T12:39:50+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/06/02/episode-74-the-quest-for-legitimacy/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/constantine-v-from-the-modena-manuscript-chronicle-of-john-zonaras.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Constantine V (From the Modena manuscript, Chronicle of John Zonaras)</image:title><image:caption>Constantine V (From the Modena manuscript, Chronicle of John Zonaras)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/constantine-v-dumbarton-oaks-coin-collection.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Constantine V (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:title><image:caption>Constantine V (Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/constantine-v-by-plamen-vulchev-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Constantine V by Plamen Vulchev (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>Constantine V by Plamen Vulchev (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-06-05T18:24:14+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/11/08/episode-157-the-culmination/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/1020-basil-ii-in-georgia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Basil II in Georgia</image:title><image:caption>Basil II in Georgia</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/1020-basil-ii.jpg</image:loc></image:image><lastmod>2018-02-23T09:13:56+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/10/27/episode-156-the-half-blind-leading-the-blind/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/1018-the-emperor-basil-ii-at-the-walls-of-ohrid-pinterest.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Basil II at the walls of Ohrid (pinterest)</image:title><image:caption>Basil II at the walls of Ohrid (pinterest)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/samuil_of_bolgaria_reconstruction.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Reconstruction of Samuil of Bulgaria</image:title><image:caption>Reconstruction of Samuil of Bulgaria</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/basil-ii-triumph-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Basil II triumph (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>Basil II triumph (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-11-19T11:44:11+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/10/31/episode-85-the-people/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/farmhouse-in-qirqbize-in-syria-from-daily-life-in-the-byzantine-empire-by-marcus-rautman.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Farmhouse in Qirqbize in Syria (From Daily Life in the Byzantine Empire by Marcus Rautman)</image:title><image:caption>Farmhouse in Qirqbize in Syria (From Daily Life in the Byzantine Empire by Marcus Rautman)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/cypriot-village-in-the-19th-century-from-daily-life-in-the-byzantine-empire-by-marcus-rautman.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Cypriot village in the 19th century (From Daily Life in the Byzantine Empire by Marcus Rautman)</image:title><image:caption>Cypriot village in the 19th century (From Daily Life in the Byzantine Empire by Marcus Rautman)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/amphora-workshop-in-western-turkey-from-daily-life-in-the-byzantine-empire-by-marcus-rautman.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Amphora workshop in Western Turkey (From Daily Life in the Byzantine Empire by Marcus Rautman)</image:title><image:caption>Amphora workshop in Western Turkey (From Daily Life in the Byzantine Empire by Marcus Rautman)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/the-imperial-administration-from-the-palgrave-atlas-of-byzantine-history-by-john-haldon.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Imperial Administration from The Palgrave Atlas of Byzantine History by John Haldon</image:title><image:caption>The Imperial Administration from The Palgrave Atlas of Byzantine History by John Haldon</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-10-25T21:27:25+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/10/17/episode-84-imperial-territory/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/cities-in-the-empire-c780-from-a-history-of-the-byzantine-state-and-society-by-warren-treadgold.png</image:loc><image:title>Cities in the Empire c780 from A History of the Byzantine State and Society by Warren Treadgold</image:title><image:caption>Cities in the Empire c780 from A History of the Byzantine State and Society by Warren Treadgold</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/land-use-and-resources-in-the-byzantine-empire-from-the-palgrave-atlas-of-byzantine-history-by-john-haldon.png</image:loc><image:title>Land use and resources in the Byzantine Empire from The Palgrave Atlas of Byzantine History by John Haldon</image:title><image:caption>Land use and resources in the Byzantine Empire from The Palgrave Atlas of Byzantine History by John Haldon</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/the-byzantine-empire-in-780-from-a-history-of-the-byzantine-state-and-society-by-warren-treadgold.png</image:loc><image:title>The Byzantine Empire in 780 from A History of the Byzantine State and Society by Warren Treadgold</image:title><image:caption>The Byzantine Empire in 780 from A History of the Byzantine State and Society by Warren Treadgold</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-26T17:59:25+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/10/03/episode-83-the-leftovers/</loc><lastmod>2022-09-01T13:21:16+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/10/23/episode-155-the-year-1000/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/1000-basil-ii-in-generic-action-from-worldhistoryplus-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Basil II in generic action (worldhistoryplus.com)</image:title><image:caption>Basil II in generic action (worldhistoryplus.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-10-25T21:43:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/09/25/episode-82-the-decline-and-fall-of-the-arab-empire/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/baghdad-in-the-8th-century-wikipedia.png</image:loc><image:title>Baghdad in the 8th century (Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>Baghdad in the 8th century (Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-08-10T14:53:38+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/09/11/episode-81b-charlemagne-and-leo/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/a-coin-of-charlemagne-with-the-inscription-karolvs-imp-avg-karolus-imperator-augustus-from-wikipedia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A coin of Charlemagne with the inscription KAROLVS IMP AVG (Karolus Imperator Augustus) from Wikipedia</image:title><image:caption>A coin of Charlemagne with the inscription KAROLVS IMP AVG (Karolus Imperator Augustus) from Wikipedia</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-11-30T21:26:45+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/09/04/episode-81a-charlemagne-and-leo/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/the-realm-of-the-franks-481-to-814-wikipedia.png</image:loc><image:title>The Realm of the Franks 481 to 814 (wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>The Realm of the Franks 481 to 814 (wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-10-16T21:16:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/08/22/episode-80-the-isaurian-dynasty/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/europe-and-the-near-east-800ad-worldhistorymaps-info.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Europe and the Middle East 800AD (worldhistorymaps.info)</image:title><image:caption>Europe and the Middle East 800AD (worldhistorymaps.info)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-10-15T21:11:53+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/08/14/episode-79-a-mothers-love/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/solidus-of-constantine-vi-and-irene-from-dumbarton-oaks-collection.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Solidus of Constantine VI and Irene (from Dumbarton Oaks collection)</image:title><image:caption>Solidus of Constantine VI and Irene (from Dumbarton Oaks collection)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-11-24T16:18:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/08/05/episode-78-a-new-helena/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/hagia-sophia-nicaea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Hagia Sophia, Nicaea</image:title><image:caption>Hagia Sophia, Nicaea</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/the-patriarchal-throne-in-the-hagia-sophia-nicaea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Patriarchal Throne in the Hagia Sophia, Nicaea</image:title><image:caption>The Patriarchal Throne in the Hagia Sophia, Nicaea</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/solidus-of-constantine-vi-and-irene-wikipedia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Solidus of Constantine VI and Irene (Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>Solidus of Constantine VI and Irene (Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-02-07T12:19:37+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/07/09/episode-76-the-dung-named/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/the-interior-of-the-hagia-eirene-restored-by-constantine-v-wikipedia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The interior of the Hagia Eirene restored by Constantine V (Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>The interior of the Hagia Eirene restored by Constantine V (Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-11-18T23:42:07+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/06/24/episode-75-the-headless-council/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/the-balkan-mountains-today-from-maudestandard-wordpress-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Balkan Mountains today (from maudestandard.wordpress.com)</image:title><image:caption>The Balkan Mountains today (from maudestandard.wordpress.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-11-08T17:01:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/10/06/episode-153-basil-ii/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/nomisma-histamenon-of-basil-ii.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Nomisma histamenon of Basil II (Constantine VIII on right, Dumbarton Oaks)</image:title><image:caption>Nomisma histamenon of Basil II (Constantine VIII on right, Dumbarton Oaks)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/basil-ii-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Basil II (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>Basil II (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-11-09T21:50:16+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/05/15/episode-73-leos-reign-in-the-730s/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/44637906.jpg</image:loc><image:title>44637906</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/11799215.jpg</image:loc><image:title>11799215</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/afyon-3.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The city of Afyonkarahisar in Turkey. This is the site of Akroinon where Leo won his victory in 740.</image:title><image:caption>The city of Afyonkarahisar in Turkey. This is the site of Akroinon where Leo won his victory in 740.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-10-04T21:46:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/05/03/episode-72-leos-reign-in-the-720s/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/the-miliaresion-of-leo-iii-and-constantine-v.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Miliaresion of Leo III and Constantine V (Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>The Miliaresion of Leo III and Constantine V (Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-10-03T17:02:38+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/04/19/episode-71-iconoclasm/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/mosaic-of-st-demetrios-with-donors-from-the-church-of-hagios-demetrios-in-thessalonia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Mosaic of St Demetrios with donors from the church of Hagios Demetrios in Thessalonia (Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>Mosaic of St Demetrios with donors from the church of Hagios Demetrios in Thessalonia (Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/a-byzantine-icon-depicting-the-crucifixion-birth-and-resurrection-cytanet-com-cy.gif</image:loc><image:title>A Byzantine Icon depicting the Crucifixion, Birth and Resurrection (cytanet.com.cy)</image:title><image:caption>A Byzantine Icon depicting the Crucifixion, Birth and Resurrection (cytanet.com.cy)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-10-03T17:01:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/04/12/episode-70-zombies-of-byzantium/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/zombies-of-byzantium-by-sean-munger.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Zombies of Byzantium by Sean Munger</image:title><image:caption>Zombies of Byzantium by Sean Munger</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-10-01T18:27:24+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/09/29/episode-152-bardas-phokas/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/prince_vladimir_2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Prince_Vladimir_2</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-10-07T12:06:12+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/03/31/episode-69-lost-to-the-west/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/greek-fire-as-depicted-in-the-madrid-skylitzes.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Greek Fire as depicted in the Madrid Skylitzes</image:title><image:caption>Greek Fire as depicted in the Madrid Skylitzes</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/tervel-leads-the-bulgars-on-an-attack-on-the-arab-forces-besieging-constantinople-by-vasil-goranov.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Tervel leads the Bulgars on an attack on the Arab forces besieging Constantinople by Vasil Goranov</image:title><image:caption>Tervel leads the Bulgars on an attack on the Arab forces besieging Constantinople by Vasil Goranov</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2025-03-26T08:01:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/03/13/episode-68-leo-iii/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/a-solidus-of-leo-iii-from-the-dumbarton-oaks-collection.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A solidus of Leo III (from the Dumbarton Oaks collection)</image:title><image:caption>A solidus of Leo III (from the Dumbarton Oaks collection)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/leo-iii-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Leo III (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>Leo III (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-10-26T22:20:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/03/03/episode-67-the-tightening-noose/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/3-usurpers.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Emperors 4, 5 and 6 from the Dumbarton Oaks Coin Collection</image:title><image:caption>Emperors 4, 5 and 6 from the Dumbarton Oaks Coin Collection</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-06-24T10:23:50+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/02/24/episode-66-the-emperor-strikes-back/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/707-justinian-ii-and-tervel-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea-copy.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Justinian II and Tervel (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>Justinian II and Tervel (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2023-02-02T22:04:26+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/02/17/episode-65-seven-emperors/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/abd-al-malik-from-coinweek-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Abd al Malik (from coinweek.com)</image:title><image:caption>Abd al Malik (from coinweek.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-09-22T22:44:41+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/02/10/episode-64-questions-ii/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/coins-development.jpg</image:loc></image:image><lastmod>2017-09-21T20:25:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/09/18/episode-151-bardas-sclerus/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/iviron_monastery_mount_athos.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Iviron Monastery on Mount Athos</image:title><image:caption>The Iviron Monastery on Mount Athos</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/clash_between_the_armies_of_bardas_skleros_and_bardas_phokas.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The armies of Skleros and Phokas clash (from the Madrid copy of the Chronicle of John Skylitzes)</image:title><image:caption>The armies of Skleros and Phokas clash (from the Madrid copy of the Chronicle of John Skylitzes)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-01-04T03:13:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/02/03/episode-63-byzantine-theodicy-with-david-gyllenhaal/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/eusebius-of-caesarea-from-wikipedia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Eusebius of Caesarea (from Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>Eusebius of Caesarea (from Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-10-30T17:44:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/01/27/episode-62-gods-punishment/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/john-of-damascus-from-an-icon-from-wikipedia.gif</image:loc><image:title>John of Damascus, from an icon (from Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>John of Damascus, from an icon (from Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/st-anastasius-in-his-monastery-rembrandt-1631-from-wikipedia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>St. Anastasius in his Monastery. Rembrandt, 1631 (from Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>St. Anastasius in his Monastery. Rembrandt, 1631 (from Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-12-09T20:42:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/01/20/episode-61-why-did-the-romans-survive/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/bizansist_touchup.jpg</image:loc><image:title>As ever the survival of the Roman Empire owes a lot to its capital (from Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>As ever the survival of the Roman Empire owes a lot to its capital (from Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2024-12-03T14:27:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/01/09/episode-60-looking-west/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/topographical-map-of-the-balkans-from-wikipedia1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Topographical map of the Balkans (from wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>Topographical map of the Balkans (from wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/europe-and-the-near-east-in-700-from-worldhistorymaps-info1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Europe and the Near East in 700 (from worldhistorymaps.info)</image:title><image:caption>Europe and the Near East in 700 (from worldhistorymaps.info)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-09-19T20:44:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/12/12/episode-59-why-did-the-arabs-win-part-4-the-conquest-society/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/coin-of-yazdegerd-iii-during-the-last-years-of-his-reign-from-wikipedia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Coin of Yazdegerd III during the last years of his reign (from Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>Coin of Yazdegerd III during the last years of his reign (from Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-05-25T20:24:26+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/11/16/episode-58-why-did-the-arabs-win-part-3-they-wanted-it-more/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/arabia-and-the-fertile-crescent-in-600-ad.png</image:loc><image:title>Arabia and the Fertile Crescent in 600 AD</image:title><image:caption>Arabia and the Fertile Crescent in 600 AD</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/palestine-muawiyah.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A coin from Palestine in the reign of Muawiyah (from "Did Muhammad Exist?" by Robert Spencer)</image:title><image:caption>A coin from Palestine in the reign of Muawiyah (from "Did Muhammad Exist?" by Robert Spencer)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/syria-686-87.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A coin from Syria 686-87 (from "Did Muhammad Exist?" by Robert Spencer)</image:title><image:caption>A coin from Syria 686-87 (from "Did Muhammad Exist?" by Robert Spencer)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/palestine-647-58.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Coin from Palestine 647-58 (from "Did Muhammad Exist?" by Robert Spencer</image:title><image:caption>Coin from Palestine 647-58 (from "Did Muhammad Exist?" by Robert Spencer</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-05-24T17:05:38+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/11/06/episode-57-why-did-the-arabs-win-part-2-in-the-shadow-of-the-sword/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/1338851423816-cached.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Tom Holland author of the book "In the Shadow of the Sword"</image:title><image:caption>Tom Holland author of the book "In the Shadow of the Sword"</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2023-12-11T14:19:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/11/04/episode-56-why-did-the-arabs-win-part-1-the-sources/</loc><lastmod>2024-02-12T20:58:43+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/09/08/episode-150-basil-lekapenos/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/bardassklerosemperor.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Proclamation of Bardas Skleros as Emperor from the Madrid copy of the Chronicle of John Skylitzes</image:title><image:caption>Proclamation of Bardas Skleros as Emperor from the Madrid copy of the Chronicle of John Skylitzes</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-09-08T17:50:24+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/09/07/episode-149-streams-of-gold-rivers-of-blood/</loc><lastmod>2018-03-01T09:39:18+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/10/24/episode-55-why-did-the-romans-lose/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/the-terrain-of-europe-and-the-middle-east-from-colin-mcevedys-atlas-of-medieval-europe.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The terrain of Europe and the Middle East from Colin McEvedy's Atlas of Medieval Europe</image:title><image:caption>The terrain of Europe and the Middle East from Colin McEvedy's Atlas of Medieval Europe</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-12-22T13:37:27+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/10/06/episode-54-justinian-ii/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/a-solidus-of-justinian-ii-from-the-dumbarton-oaks-collection.jpg</image:loc><image:title>This is the controversial coin. Jesus on the left. A solidus of Justinian II from the Dumbarton Oaks collection.</image:title><image:caption>This is the controversial coin. Jesus on the left. A solidus of Justinian II from the Dumbarton Oaks collection.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/justinian-ii-from-ebay.jpg</image:loc><image:title>One of Justinian II's coins on which the Kibea Illustration is based (from an ebay sale).</image:title><image:caption>One of Justinian II's coins on which the Kibea Illustration is based (from an ebay sale).</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/justinian-ii-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Justinian II by Atanas Atanassov (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>Justinian II by Atanas Atanassov (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-02-26T18:23:38+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/09/25/episode-53-the-bulgars-are-coming/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/close-up-from-flickr-com-constantine-is-the-one-handing-the-concessions-to-his-left-are-his-brothers-and-justinian-ii-is-on-the-far-left.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Close up from flickr.com. Constantine is the one handing the concessions. To his left are his brothers and Justinian II is on the far left</image:title><image:caption>Close up from flickr.com. Constantine is the one handing the concessions. To his left are his brothers and Justinian II is on the far left</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/the-mosaic-of-constantine-iv-in-the-basilica-saint-apollinare-in-classe-ravenna-from-wikipedia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The mosaic of Constantine IV in the Basilica Saint Apollinare in Classe, Ravenna (from Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>The mosaic of Constantine IV in the Basilica Saint Apollinare in Classe, Ravenna (from Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-09-03T08:48:27+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/09/18/episode-52-the-non-siege-of-constantinople/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/a-solidus-of-constantine-iv-from-dirtyoldcoins-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A solidus of Constantine IV from dirtyoldcoins.com</image:title><image:caption>A solidus of Constantine IV from dirtyoldcoins.com</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/a-solidus-of-constantine-iv-from-wikimedia-commons.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A solidus of Constantine IV from Wikimedia commons</image:title><image:caption>A solidus of Constantine IV from Wikimedia commons</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/a-solidus-of-constantine-iv-from-the-dumbarton-oaks-collection.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A solidus of Constantine IV from the Dumbarton Oaks collection</image:title><image:caption>A solidus of Constantine IV from the Dumbarton Oaks collection</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/greek-fire-as-depicted-in-the-madrid-skylitzes.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Greek Fire as depicted in the Madrid Skylitzes</image:title><image:caption>Greek Fire as depicted in the Madrid Skylitzes</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-09-02T15:43:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/09/01/episode-148-sources-and-magnates/</loc><lastmod>2019-01-04T10:11:43+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/08/30/constantine-snow/</loc><lastmod>2017-09-05T02:35:35+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/09/04/episode-51-the-themes/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/the-themes-in-668-ad-from-a-history-of-the-byzantine-state-and-society-by-warren-treadgold.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Themes in 668 AD from A History of the Byzantine State and Society by Warren Treadgold</image:title><image:caption>The Themes in 668 AD from A History of the Byzantine State and Society by Warren Treadgold</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/constans-ii-from-dumbarton-oaks-coin-collection.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Constans II (from Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:title><image:caption>Solidus of Constans II (from Dumbarton Oaks coin collection)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-27T22:28:28+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/08/24/episode-147-bulgarian-solidarity/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/the-balkans-976-ad.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Balkans 976 AD</image:title><image:caption>The Balkans 976 AD</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-10-31T23:10:38+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/08/26/episode-50-the-teenage-emperor/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/a-solidus-of-young-constans-ii.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A solidus of young Constans II (from Beastcoins.com)</image:title><image:caption>A solidus of young Constans II (from Beastcoins.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/a-solidus-of-constans-ii.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A solidus of Constans II (from Wikimedia Commons)</image:title><image:caption>A solidus of Constans II (from Wikimedia Commons)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-05-21T13:57:23+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/08/08/episode-49-the-man-who-lived-too-long/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/heraclius-constantine-r-heraclonas-l-coin-from-beastcoins-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Heraclius, Constantine (r), Heraclonas (l) coin (from beastcoins.com)</image:title><image:caption>Heraclius, Constantine (r), Heraclonas (l) coin (from beastcoins.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/heraclius-by-rossen-toshev-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Heraclius by Rossen Toshev (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>Heraclius, only the second best Emperor so far? Outrageous.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-24T14:59:37+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/08/01/episode-48-the-battle-of-hieromyax/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/the-eastern-provinces-commons-wikimedia-orgwikiusercplakidas.png</image:loc><image:title>The Eastern provinces (commons.wikimedia.orgwikiUserCplakidas)</image:title><image:caption>The Eastern provinces (commons.wikimedia.orgwikiUserCplakidas)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/the-canyon-of-the-river-yarmouk-today-biblicalgeographic-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Canyon of the River Yarmouk today (biblicalgeographic.com)</image:title><image:caption>The Canyon of the River Yarmouk today (biblicalgeographic.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-24T14:56:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/07/11/episode-47-a-brief-respite/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/heraclius-coins-from-this-period-the-emperor-looking-older-his-son-now-a-man-from-ma-shops-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Heraclius coins from this period. The Emperor looking older, his son now a man (from ma-shops.com)</image:title><image:caption>Heraclius coins from this period. The Emperor looking older, his son now a man (from ma-shops.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-22T21:29:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/06/12/episode-46-the-last-war/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/david-and-goliath-coin-minted-for-heraclius-victory-image-from-metmuseum-org.jpg</image:loc><image:title>David and Goliath coin minted for Heraclius' victory (image from metmuseum.org)</image:title><image:caption>David and Goliath coin minted for Heraclius' victory (image from metmuseum.org)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/heraclius-entering-jerusalem-with-the-true-cross-from-the-frescoes-in-the-church-of-san-francesco-in-arezzo.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Heraclius entering Jerusalem with the True Cross (the Frescoes in the church of San Francesco in Arezzo)</image:title><image:caption>Heraclius entering Jerusalem with the True Cross (the Frescoes in the church of San Francesco in Arezzo)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/heraculius-at-the-battle-of-ninevah-stormfront-org-forums.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Heraculius at the Battle of Ninevah (stormfront.org, forums)</image:title><image:caption>Heraculius at the Battle of Ninevah (stormfront.org, forums)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/byzantine-persian-border.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine-Persian border</image:title><image:caption>Byzantine-Persian border</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/the-campaigns-of-624-28-by-mohammad-adil.png</image:loc><image:title>The campaigns of 624-28 by Mohammad Adil</image:title><image:caption>The campaigns of 624-28 by Mohammad Adil</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/heraclius-flees-the-avars-worldhistoryplus-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Heraclius flees the Avars (worldhistoryplus.com)</image:title><image:caption>Heraclius flees the Avars (worldhistoryplus.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/the-environs-of-constantinople.png</image:loc><image:title>The environs of Constantinople</image:title><image:caption>The environs of Constantinople</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2025-11-06T19:36:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/02/14/episode-45-the-empty-fleet/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/the-byzantine-empire-in-620-ad-that-should-give-you-an-idea-of-the-size-of-the-task-ahead-of-heraclius.gif</image:loc><image:title>The Byzantine Empire in 620 AD. That should give you an idea of the size of the task ahead of Heraclius</image:title><image:caption>The Byzantine Empire in 620 AD. That should give you an idea of the size of the task ahead of Heraclius</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-18T22:22:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/08/18/episode-146-whats-the-plan/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/fatimid_caliphate.png</image:loc></image:image><lastmod>2025-04-02T07:25:59+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/01/31/episode-44-unceasing-lamentations/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/hexagram-of-heraclius-from-www-beastcoins-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Hexagram of Heraclius (from www.beastcoins.com)</image:title><image:caption>Hexagram of Heraclius (from www.beastcoins.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-17T20:40:09+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/01/17/episode-43-heraclius-to-the-rescue/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/phocas-is-delivered-to-heraclius-from-worldhistoryplus-com.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Phocas is delivered to Heraclius (from worldhistoryplus.com)</image:title><image:caption>Phocas is delivered to Heraclius (from worldhistoryplus.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-17T20:38:21+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2014/01/09/episode-42-in-fairness-to-phocas/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/copper-alloy-steelyard-weight-thought-to-be-a-portrait-bust-of-the-emperor-phocas-from-the-british-museum.gif</image:loc><image:title>Copper-alloy steelyard weight. Thought to be a portrait bust of the Emperor Phocas (from the British Museum)</image:title><image:caption>Copper-alloy steelyard weight. Thought to be a portrait bust of the Emperor Phocas (from the British Museum)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-14T22:43:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/08/13/episode-145-the-eastern-conquests/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/anatolia-976.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Anatolia 976AD</image:title><image:caption>Anatolia 976AD</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-13T12:09:53+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/12/21/episode-41-who-is-a-byzantine/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/linguistic-map-of-the-byzantine-empire-c565.png</image:loc><image:title>Linguistic map of the Byzantine Empire c565</image:title><image:caption>Linguistic map of the Byzantine Empire c565</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-10-15T16:50:37+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/12/14/episode-40-questions-6th-century/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/david_-_belisarius.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Belisarius Begging for Alms (1781) by Jacques-Louis David (Wikipedia).</image:title><image:caption>Belisarius Begging for Alms (1781) by Jacques-Louis David (Wikipedia).</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/belisarius_by_francois-andre_vincent.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Bélisaire, by François-André Vincent (1776). Belisarius, blinded, a beggar, is recognised by one of his former soldiers (Wikipedia).</image:title><image:caption>Bélisaire, by François-André Vincent (1776). Belisarius, blinded, a beggar, is recognised by one of his former soldiers.(Wikipedia).</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-10-16T19:25:43+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/12/05/episode-39-neighbours-and-provinces/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/east-hem_600ad.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Eastern Hemisphere in 600AD</image:title><image:caption>The Eastern Hemisphere in 600AD</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-07T22:00:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/11/29/episode-38-christianising/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/an-icon-of-christ-from-saint-catherines-monastery-mount-sinai.jpg</image:loc><image:title>An icon of Christ from Saint Catherine's Monastery, Mount Sinai</image:title><image:caption>An icon of Christ from Saint Catherine's Monastery, Mount Sinai</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-07T21:59:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/10/04/episode-37-the-army-of-the-strategikon/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/belisarius_6th_c__ad_by_fall3nairborne-d37whct.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Belisarius scouts the terrain with a Hun bowman looking ahead Byzantine cavalry from Ancient Warfare Magazine Volume IV, Issue 3 (www.ancient-warfare.com)</image:title><image:caption>Belisarius scouts the terrain with a Hun bowman looking ahead Byzantine cavalry from Ancient Warfare Magazine Volume IV, Issue 3 (www.ancient-warfare.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/late_roman_infantryman_by_vandalicus.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A Late Roman infantryman (by Vandalicus from Deviant Art)</image:title><image:caption>A Late Roman infantryman (by Vandalicus from Deviant Art)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/belisarius__6th_c__by_fall3nairborne-d37whh8.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine cavalry from Ancient Warfare Magazine Volume IV, Issue 3 (www.ancient-warfare.com)</image:title><image:caption>Byzantine cavalry from Ancient Warfare Magazine Volume IV, Issue 3 (www.ancient-warfare.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/banner-httpwww-durolitum-co-uk.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Late Roman infantry with a Labaarum standard (www.durolitum.co.uk)</image:title><image:caption>Late Roman infantry with a Labaarum standard (www.durolitum.co.uk)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/infanteria-romana-tardia.png</image:loc><image:title>Late Roman infantry (www.elgrancapitan.org)</image:title><image:caption>Late Roman infantry (www.elgrancapitan.org)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/006137.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Late Roman infantry in formation</image:title><image:caption>Late Roman infantry in formation</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2024-05-09T10:32:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/08/30/episode-35-the-lucky-break/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/maurice-15th-century-miniature-from-the-modena-manuscript-of-the-chronicle-of-john-zonaras.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Maurice, 15th century miniature from the Modena manuscript of the chronicle of John Zonaras</image:title><image:caption>Maurice, 15th century miniature from the Modena manuscript of the chronicle of John Zonaras</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/maurice-by-emilian-stankev-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Maurice by Emilian Stankev (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>Maurice by Emilian Stankev (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-04T23:01:41+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/08/16/episode-34-overbalancing/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/maketa_sirmijuma.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A model of the city of Sirmium. You can see its strategic importance as it sits over the two rivers (The image is from Wikipedia and the model is in the Visitors Center in Sremska Mitrovica).</image:title><image:caption>A model of the city of Sirmium. You can see its strategic importance as it sits over the two rivers (The image is from Wikipedia and the model is in the Visitors Center in Sremska Mitrovica).</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-03T23:01:56+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/08/03/episode-144-setting-the-table/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/streams-of-gold-rivers-of-blood.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Streams of Gold, Rivers of Blood by Anthony Kaldellis</image:title><image:caption>Streams of Gold, Rivers of Blood by Anthony Kaldellis</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-14T20:59:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/08/02/episode-33-the-madness-of-justin-ii/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/solidus-justin_ii-sb0391.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A Solidus of Justin II</image:title><image:caption>A Solidus of Justin II</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-01T19:44:37+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/07/19/episode-32-the-true-believer/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/st-catherine-s-monastery-sinai-egypt-photo_1762083-770tall.jpg</image:loc><image:title>    St. Catherine's Monastery at Mount Sinai in Egypt. The Monks complained to Justinian about raiders and so he built them these impressive walls which still stand today.</image:title><image:caption>    St. Catherine's Monastery at Mount Sinai in Egypt. The Monks complained to Justinian about raiders and so he built them these impressive walls which still stand today.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/8422469031_6c084756fe_o.jpg</image:loc><image:title>I thought it was appropriate to end Justinian's reign on this image. It's reflective of the scale of his building and his commitment to his faith. But it also shows you the vulnerability of the 6th century Byzantine world. The walls are impressive but in an earlier age they would not have been needed.</image:title><image:caption>I thought it was appropriate to end Justinian's reign on this image. It's reflective of the scale of his building and his commitment to his faith. But it also shows you the vulnerability of the 6th century Byzantine world. The walls are impressive but in an earlier age they would not have been needed.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/20100509eg14.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Exif_JPEG_PICTURE</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2020-09-23T21:26:32+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/07/11/episode-31-getting-the-band-back-together/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/the-remains-of-the-long-walls-in-thrace-httpwww-panoramio-comphoto20959714.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The remains of the Long Walls in Thrace (panoramio.com/photo/20959714)</image:title><image:caption>The remains of the Long Walls in Thrace (panoramio.com/photo/20959714)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-07-26T21:28:50+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/06/28/episode-30-age-before-beauty/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/byzantine-empire-at-its-greatest-extent-565.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine Empire at its greatest extent, 565</image:title><image:caption>Byzantine Empire at its greatest extent, 565</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-07-24T21:47:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/06/14/episode-29-the-nightmare-decade/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/church-of-san-vitale-mosaic-panel-theodora.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Church of San Vitale Mosaic panel - Theodora</image:title><image:caption>Church of San Vitale Mosaic panel - Theodora</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/church-of-san-vitale-apse.png</image:loc><image:title>Church of San Vitale Apse (you can see the Imperial couple either side of the windows)</image:title><image:caption>Church of San Vitale Apse (you can see the Imperial couple either side of the windows)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/church-of-san-vitale-mosaic-panel-justinian.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Church of San Vitale Mosaic panel - Justinian</image:title><image:caption>Church of San Vitale Mosaic panel - Justinian</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-10-11T23:37:26+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/05/27/episode-27-the-walking-dead/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/hand_necrosis_casued_by_plague.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Hand necrosis caused by plague (from Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>Hand necrosis caused by plague (from Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2025-03-19T19:23:18+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/05/10/episode-26-the-sack-of-antioch/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/khosrauanushirvaniranian.jpg</image:loc><image:title>King of Kings Khosrau (drawing by Jalal Al-Din Mirza via Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>King of Kings Khosrau (drawing by Jalal Al-Din Mirza via Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/anoushiravan.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Anushirawan Khosrou the Just (statue in Tehran courthouse via Wikipedia). Not exactly an image of him sacking Antioch but images of Khosrou are rare)</image:title><image:caption>Anushirawan Khosrou the Just (statue in Tehran courthouse via Wikipedia). Not exactly an image of him sacking Antioch but images of Khosrou are rare)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-07-18T20:35:56+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/04/26/episode-25-the-roaring-thirties/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/istanbul-basilica-cistern-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Basilica Cistern today (photo from ramyad.net)</image:title><image:caption>The Basilica Cistern today (photo from ramyad.net)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2025-04-08T13:10:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/04/12/episode-24-the-western-emperor/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/the-first-gothic-war.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The First Gothic War</image:title><image:caption>The First Gothic War</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-07-12T20:43:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/03/29/episode-23-the-siege-of-rome/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/siege-of-rome-map.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Siege of Rome map from Ancient Warfare Magazine Volume IV, Issue 3 (www.ancient-warfare.com)</image:title><image:caption>Siege of Rome map from Ancient Warfare Magazine Volume IV, Issue 3 (www.ancient-warfare.com)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/the-aurelian-walls.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Aurelian Walls</image:title><image:caption>The Aurelian Walls</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-08-27T20:07:04+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/03/16/episode-22-justinians-legacy/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/hagiasophialast.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Hagia Sophia as it might appear without Turkish additions</image:title><image:caption>The Hagia Sophia as it might appear without Turkish additions</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/corpus-juris-civilis.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Corpus-Juris-Civilis</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/hagia-sophia-interior.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The interior of the Hagia Sophia </image:title><image:caption>The interior of the Hagia Sophia </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-07-14T18:57:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/03/01/episode-21-the-vandal-war/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/vandalic_war_campaign_map.png</image:loc><image:title>The Vandal War Campaign Map</image:title><image:caption>The Vandal War Campaign Map</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2023-02-01T04:35:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/02/15/episode-20-the-nika-revolt/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/constantinople_imperial_district.png</image:loc><image:title>The Imperial District in Constantinople</image:title><image:caption>The Imperial District in Constantinople</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-04-05T17:02:21+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/02/04/episode-19-527-532-part-3-the-kindling/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/sergius_and_bacchus_church_february_2011.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Church of Saints Sergius and Bacchus (now known as Little Hagia Sophia)</image:title><image:caption>The Church of Saints Sergius and Bacchus (now known as Little Hagia Sophia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-25T16:24:23+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/01/19/episode-18-527-532-part-2-the-eternal-peace-and-the-danube-frontier/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/coljust.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Equestrian Statue of Justinian as recreated by Byzantium1200</image:title><image:caption>The Equestrian Statue of Justinian as recreated by Byzantium1200</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-04-11T19:16:07+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2013/01/05/episode-17-527-532-part-1-the-battle-of-dara/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/battle-of-dara.png</image:loc><image:title>Map of the disposition of forces at the Battle of Dara (530). The Huns are the tiny squares inside the "goal mouth." </image:title><image:caption>Map of the disposition of forces at the Battle of Dara (530). The Huns are the tiny squares inside the "goal mouth." </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-23T21:59:38+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/06/23/episode-143-strange-trajectories/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/johns-triumph-from-the-madrid-copy-of-the-chronicle-of-john-skylitzes.jpg</image:loc><image:title>John's Triumph from the Madrid copy of the Chronicle of John Skylitzes</image:title><image:caption>John's Triumph from the Madrid copy of the Chronicle of John Skylitzes</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/byzantine-arab-wars-780-1180.png</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine-Arab Wars 780-1180</image:title><image:caption>Byzantine-Arab Wars 780-1180</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-09-09T17:27:40+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/12/15/episode-16-theodora/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/250px-meister_von_san_vitale_in_ravenna_008.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Mosaic of Theodora from the Basilica of San Vitale in Ravenna</image:title><image:caption>Mosaic of Theodora from the Basilica of San Vitale in Ravenna</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/lazican-border.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Lazican Border</image:title><image:caption>The Lazican Border</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-22T20:48:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/12/03/episode-15-justinian/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/justinian.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Mosaic of Justinian from the Basilica of San Vitale in Ravenna</image:title><image:caption>Mosaic of Justinian from the Basilica of San Vitale in Ravenna</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-10-11T03:26:23+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/11/18/episode-14-the-emperor-justin/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/tremissis-justin_i-sb0058.jpg</image:loc><image:title>A Tremissis (1\3 of a Solidus) with the likeness of the Emperor Justin (from Wikipedia)</image:title><image:caption>A Tremissis (1\3 of a Solidus) with the likeness of the Emperor Justin (from Wikipedia)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-10-10T12:12:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/10/31/episode-13-the-state-part-2-the-church-and-the-army/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/byzantine-horse-archers1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine horse archers from Ancient Warfare Magazine Volume IV, Issue 3 (www.ancient-warfare.com)</image:title><image:caption>Byzantine horse archers from Ancient Warfare Magazine Volume IV, Issue 3 (www.ancient-warfare.com)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-02-25T04:23:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/06/18/episode-142-brave-in-danger/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/meeting-of-svyatoslav-i-with-emperor-john-tzimiskes-by-klavdy-lebedev.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Meeting of Svyatoslav I with Emperor John Tzimiskes (by Klavdy Lebedev)</image:title><image:caption>Meeting of Svyatoslav I with Emperor John Tzimiskes (by Klavdy Lebedev)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-18T17:20:27+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/10/30/episode-12-the-state-part-1-the-government/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/anastasius_i_emperor.jpg</image:loc><image:title>One of Anastasius' coins (a semissis)</image:title><image:caption>One of Anastasius' coins (a semissis)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/byzantine-horse-archers.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Byzantine horse archers</image:title><image:caption>Byzantine horse archers</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-15T22:44:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/10/15/episode-11-the-eastern-provinces/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/byzantine-persian-border.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Roman-Persian frontier in late antiquity</image:title><image:caption>The Roman-Persian frontier in late antiquity</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/the_roman_empire_ca_400_ad.png</image:loc><image:title>The Roman Empire c400AD</image:title><image:caption>The Roman Empire c400AD</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-12T20:01:54+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/10/02/episode-10-constantinople/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/byzantine_constantinople_eng.png</image:loc><image:title>Constantinople in the Byzantine era</image:title><image:caption>Constantinople in the Byzantine era</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/istambul_and_bosporus_big.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Istambul and the Bosporus</image:title><image:caption>Istambul and the Bosporus</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2023-10-09T16:01:11+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/06/08/episode-141-how-to-get-away-with-murder/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/sviatoslav-of-kiev-from-epicworldhistory-blogspot-co-uk.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Sviatoslav of Kiev (from epicworldhistory.blogspot.co.uk)</image:title><image:caption>Sviatoslav of Kiev (from epicworldhistory.blogspot.co.uk)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-19T18:49:45+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/09/14/episode-9-the-balkan-provinces/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/the-balkan-provinces.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Byzantine Balkan Provinces in the 6th century</image:title><image:caption>The Byzantine Balkan Provinces in the 6th century</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-07T21:02:54+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/05/21/episode-139-all-in-a-days-work/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/bagratuni-armenia-circa-1000.png</image:loc><image:title>Bagratuni Armenia circa 1000</image:title><image:caption>Bagratuni Armenia circa 1000</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-22T18:27:10+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/05/26/episode-140-magnificent-and-insufferable/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/john-tzimiskes-from-rulers-of-the-byzantine-empire-published-by-kibea.jpg</image:loc><image:title>John Tzimiskes (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:title><image:caption>John Tzimiskes (from 'Rulers of the Byzantine Empire' published by KIBEA)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-12T21:02:26+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/08/31/episode-8-italy-and-africa/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/the-eastern-hemisphere-in-500ad.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Eastern Hemisphere in AD500</image:title><image:caption>The Eastern Hemisphere in AD500</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-05-30T17:33:51+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/08/14/episode-7-gaul-and-spain/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/clovis-king-of-the-franks-by-franc3a7ois-louis-dejuinne.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Clovis, King of the Franks by François-Louis Dejuinne</image:title><image:caption>Clovis, King of the Franks by François-Louis Dejuinne</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2023-04-27T08:10:59+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/08/05/episode-6-the-prosperous-exuberance/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/220px-ivory_ariadne_bargello.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Empress Ariadne (from a 5th century imperial diptych from Venice)</image:title><image:caption>The Empress Ariadne (from a 5th century imperial diptych from Venice)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-06T22:08:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/07/25/episode-5-the-gamble/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/220px-diptych_barberini_louvre_oa3850.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Barberini Ivory (from the Louvre). It's unknown if this is meant to be Zeno, Anastasius or Justinian.</image:title><image:caption>The Barberini Ivory (from the Louvre). It's unknown if this is meant to be Zeno, Anastasius or Justinian.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-09-07T18:49:24+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/07/01/episode-4-give-us-a-roman-emperor/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/byzantinebronzes.jpeg</image:loc><image:title>Anastasius' new bronze coins</image:title><image:caption>Anastasius' new bronze coins</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-10-04T11:19:58+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/06/15/episode-3-the-isaurian-emperor/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/zenoromanemperor.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Emperor Zeno</image:title><image:caption>The Emperor Zeno</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-04T19:42:41+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/06/03/episode-2-two-steps-back/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/leo-i-louvre.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Emperor Leo I (from the Louvre)</image:title><image:caption>Emperor Leo I (from the Louvre)</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-04T19:42:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/05/20/episode-1a-an-introduction-to-byzantine-history/</loc><lastmod>2017-06-04T19:40:54+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2012/05/14/episode-1-an-introduction/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/dsc00985.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The forum in Rome. One of the places which helped inspire the podcast.</image:title><image:caption>The forum in Rome. One of the places which helped inspire the podcast.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/robin.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Robin</image:title><image:caption>Robin</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-05-28T10:23:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/05/24/moving-to-acast/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/acast.jpg</image:loc></image:image><lastmod>2024-03-17T12:57:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2017/01/09/all-the-emperors-in-rhyme/</loc><lastmod>2022-06-03T18:55:07+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/09/05/september-2016-update/</loc><lastmod>2016-09-13T15:37:57+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/07/11/subscription-update/</loc><lastmod>2016-07-11T18:51:41+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2016/06/02/byzantine-stories-episode-2-announcement/</loc><lastmod>2016-06-02T10:13:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/2015/12/23/the-eleven-constantines/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/the-one-constantine-we-have-no-trouble-remembering.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The one Constantine we have no trouble remembering</image:title><image:caption>The one Constantine we have no trouble 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